{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T13:41:57Z","timestamp":1781271717836,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,11]],"date-time":"2019-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\"><jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p>Heat stress has harmful effects on the brain structure and synaptic density via induction of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, which result in neuronal damage in the hippocampus and thereby cognitive impairments. In this study, we investigate the effect of<jats:italic>Rosa canina<\/jats:italic>treatment on cognitive function in heat stress\u2010exposed rats and its underlying mechanisms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p><jats:p>We show that<jats:italic>R.\u00a0canina<\/jats:italic>improves cognitive deficits induced by heat stress by attenuation of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation and by upregulation of synaptic proteins in the hippocampus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of aqueous methanolic extract of<jats:italic>Rosa canina<\/jats:italic>(RC) dried fruits on oxidative stress, inflammation, synaptic degeneration and memory dysfunction induced by heat stress (HS) in rats. Sixty adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups as follows: the control group received normal saline (NS); the HS group was exposed to heat stress (43\u00b0C) for 15\u00a0min once a day for 2\u00a0weeks; and HS+R groups were exposed to heat stress and received one of three doses (250, 500 or 1000\u00a0mg\u00a0kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) of RC methanolic extract for 2\u00a0weeks. A passive avoidance test and a Y\u2010maze test were performed to assess learning and memory. The levels of reactive oxygen species were assessed. The serum cortisol concentration and hippocampal total antioxidant capacity, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase were also detected using spectrophotometry. The protein expressions of c\u2010Fos, heat\u2010shock protein\u201070, tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1, growth\u2010associated protein\u00a043, post\u2010synaptic density\u201095 and synaptophysin were evaluated in the hippocampal tissue. The results showed that RC significantly improved cognitive dysfunction induced by HS, which was accompanied by downregulation of tumour necrosis factor\u2010\u03b1 and upregulation of growth\u2010associated protein\u00a043 and synaptophysin proteins in the hippocampus of HS\u2010exposed rats. Furthermore, RC significantly attenuated serum cortisol concentrations and upregulated heat shock protein\u201070 and c\u2010Fos in the hippocampus. In addition, the administration of RC attenuated reactive oxygen species levels and enhanced antioxidant defense in the hippocampus. These findings indicate that RC attenuated the deleterious effect of HS on cognition through its antioxidant properties and by enhancing synaptic function and plasticity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep087535","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,12]],"date-time":"2019-07-12T05:39:06Z","timestamp":1562909946000},"page":"1544-1554","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["<i>Rosa canina<\/i>L. methanolic extract prevents heat stress\u2010induced memory dysfunction in rats"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Marjan","family":"Erfani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Higher Education Institute of Rab\u2010Rashid Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohreh","family":"Ghazi Tabatabaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemistry Ahar Branch Islamic Azad University Ahar Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saeed","family":"Sadigh\u2010Eteghad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatemeh","family":"Farokhi\u2010Sisakht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshteh","family":"Farajdokht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Mahmoudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pouran","family":"Karimi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5419-1311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ava","family":"Nasrolahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurosciences Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine School of Medicine Ilam University of Medical Sciences Ilam Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40104-016-0097-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00071660310001618334"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2013.06.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"43","article-title":"Effect of temperature on memory","volume":"31","author":"Batra P.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1471-4159.2000.740641.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"1125.e1","article-title":"Synaptic protein deficits are associated with dementia irrespective of extreme old age","volume":"33","author":"Beeri M. 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