{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T02:52:48Z","timestamp":1790391168226,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]],"date-time":"2019-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1576713600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004085","name":"Ministry of Education, Science and Technology","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018R1D1A1B07041820"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018R1D1A1B07041820"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004085","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>What is the role of autophagy in vascular dysfunction in type 2 diabetes?<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Autophagy is decreased in the mesenteric arteries of type 2 diabetic mice, and stimulation of autophagy using rapamycin and trehalose improves vascular function, which is associated with normalization of myogenic response and endothelium\u2010dependent relaxation.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vascular dysfunction is a major complication in type 2 diabetes (T2D). It has been suggested that dysregulation of autophagy is associated with various cardiovascular diseases. However, the relationship between autophagy and vascular dysfunction in T2D remains unclear. Thus, we examined whether reduced autophagy is involved in vascular dysfunction and whether stimulation of autophagy could improve vascular function in diabetes. Ten\u2010 to twelve\u2010week\u2010old male type 2 diabetic (<jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\/<jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>) mice and their control (<jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\/<jats:italic>db<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>) mice were treated with rapamycin or trehalose. Mesenteric arteries (MAs) were mounted for arteriography and their diameter was measured. Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence staining were assessed. Myogenic response (MR) was significantly increased, whereas endothelium\u2010dependent relaxation (EDR) was significantly attenuated in the MAs of diabetic mice. These results were associated with increased expression of LC3II, p62 and beclin\u20101 in diabetic mice. Treatment with autophagy stimulators significantly reduced the potentiation of MR and improved EDR in the diabetic mice. Furthermore, autophagy stimulation normalized expression of LC3II, p62 and beclin\u20101 in the diabetic mice. In addition, phosphorylation level of endothelial nitric oxide synthase was decreased in diabetic mice and was restored by rapamycin and trehalose. T2D impairs vascular function by dysregulated autophagy. Therefore, autophagy could be a potential target for overcoming diabetic microvascular complications.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep087737","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,18]],"date-time":"2019-11-18T01:14:07Z","timestamp":1574039647000},"page":"192-200","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Stimulation of autophagy improves vascular function in the mesenteric arteries of type 2 diabetic mice"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7115-6358","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Soo\u2010Kyoung","family":"Choi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology College of Medicine Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Youngin","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology College of Medicine Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seonhee","family":"Byeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology College of Medicine Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Young\u2010Ho","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology College of Medicine Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Sciences Yonsei University  Seoul 03722 South Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.8.1339"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/414813a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvr043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1205406"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvp054"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111.190140"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/scisignal.aac5472"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1381612054367328"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/cr.2013.168"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2016.00104"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-genet-102808-114910"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/dme.12791"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2007.10.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/db12-1374"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00872.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0084194"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/FJC.0b013e31825f6faa"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5497.1717"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000051094"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1602\/neurorx.2.3.447"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/45257"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.022194"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bph.13860"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/me.2007-0077"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2011.10.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.116.303805"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jnutbio.2017.02.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2154"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0072882"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2010.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.078212"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2013.04.042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2015.08.076"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2014.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.3.457"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2575"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7150\/ijbs.6666"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-00302-8_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2017.151"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.RES.81.6.996"}],"container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/EP087737","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1113\/EP087737","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/EP087737","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,5]],"date-time":"2023-09-05T00:02:07Z","timestamp":1693872127000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/EP087737"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"references-count":41,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/EP087737"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/ep087737","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0958-0670","1469-445X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0958-0670","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-445X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-03-20","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-12-19","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}