{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T17:43:48Z","timestamp":1790617428626,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]],"date-time":"2019-10-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Is it necessary to modify the CO\u2010rebreathing method to acquire reliable measurements of haemoglobin mass in patients with chronic mountain sickness?<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>The CO\u2010rebreathing method must be modified because of the prolonged CO\u2010mixing time in patients with chronic mountain sickness. After adaptation of the blood sampling method, reliable and valid results were attained. With this modification, it is possible to quantify the extent of polycythaemia and to distinguish between a haemoconcentration and an exclusive enhancement of erythrocyte volume.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients suffering from chronic mountain sickness (CMS) exhibit extremely high haemoglobin concentrations. Their haemoglobin mass (Hbmass), however, has rarely been investigated. The CO\u2010rebreathing protocol for Hbmass determination in those patients might need to be modified because of restricted peripheral perfusion. The aim of this study was to evaluate the CO uptake and carboxyhaemoglobin\u2010mixing time in the blood of CMS patients and to adapt the CO\u2010rebreathing method for this group. Twenty\u2010five male CMS patients living at elevations between 3600 and 4100\u00a0m above sea level were compared with ethnically matched healthy control subjects from identical elevations (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a011) and near sea level (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a09) and with a Caucasian group from sea level (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a06). CO rebreathing was performed for 2\u00a0min, and blood samples were taken for the subsequent 30\u00a0min. After the method was modified, its reliability was evaluated in test\u2013retest experiments (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a028), and validity was investigated by measuring the Hbmass before and after the phlebotomy of 500\u00a0ml (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a04). CO uptake was not affected by CMS. The carboxyhaemoglobin mixing was completed after 8\u00a0min in the Caucasian group but after 14\u00a0min in the groups living at altitude. When blood was sampled 14\u201320\u00a0min after inhalation, the typical error of the method was 1.6% (confidence limits 1.2\u20132.5%). After phlebotomy, Hbmass decreased from 1779\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0123 to 1650\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0129\u00a0g, and no difference was found between the measured and calculated Hbmass (1666\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0122\u00a0g). When the time of blood sampling was adapted to accommodate a prolonged carboxyhaemoglobin\u2010mixing time, the CO\u2010rebreathing method became a reliable and valid tool to determine Hbmass in CMS patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep087870","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,28]],"date-time":"2019-09-28T22:42:22Z","timestamp":1569710542000},"page":"1819-1828","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Modification of the CO\u2010rebreathing method to determine haemoglobin mass and blood volume in patients suffering from chronic mountain sickness"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"104","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6321-3594","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nadine","family":"Wachsmuth","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine &amp; Sports Physiology University of Bayreuth  Bayreuth Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudy","family":"Soria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Boliviano de Biologia de Altura Universidad Mayor de San Andres  La Paz Bolivia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jesus","family":"Jimenez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto Boliviano de Biologia de Altura Universidad Mayor de San Andres  La Paz Bolivia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Schmidt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine &amp; Sports Physiology University of Bayreuth  Bayreuth Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00277-014-2020-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2010.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470715383.ch4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00217.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI104804"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2011.059436"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.027698"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028399"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-008-0953-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2010.054031"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI100859"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/01.mss.0000222848.35004.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2044.2004.03598.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.37.7.528"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.11-2845"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199808000-00036"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-002-0732-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.48.4.408"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200030010-00001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","unstructured":"Hopkins W. 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