{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:39:24Z","timestamp":1790642364956,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]],"date-time":"2020-05-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1589760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\/10484\u20105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\/10484\u20105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/24869\u20104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/24869\u20104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>What is the carotid bodies\u2019 contribution to active inspiratory and expiratory response to exercise?<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Removal of the carotid bodies reduced the active inspiratory and expiratory responses of diaphragm and abdominal internal oblique muscles, respectively, to high\u2010intensity, but not to low\u2010intensity, exercise in rats. Removal of the carotid bodies increased <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/eph12754-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09580670:media:eph12754:eph12754-math-0001\"\/> and decreased arterial pH in response to high\u2010intensity exercise. The carotid bodies contribute to the inspiratory and expiratory adjustments to high\u2010intensity exercise in rats.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item><\/jats:list>\n<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Exercise involves the interaction of several physiological processes, in which adjustments in pulmonary ventilation occur in response to increased O<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> consumption, CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> production and altered acid\u2013base equilibrium. The peripheral chemoreceptors (carotid bodies; CBs) are sensitive to changes in the chemical composition of arterial blood, and their activation induces active inspiratory and expiratory responses. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that the CBs contribute to the active inspiratory and expiratory responses to exercise in rats. We performed electromyographic recordings of the diaphragm (Dia<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub>) and abdominal internal oblique (Abd<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub>) muscles in rats before and after bilateral removal of the CBs (CBX) during constant\u2010load low\u2010intensity and high\u2010intensity progressive treadmill exercise. We also collected arterial blood samples for gaseous and pH analyses. Similar increases in Dia<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub> frequency in both experimental conditions (before and after CBX) during low\u2010intensity exercise were observed, without significant changes in the Dia<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub> amplitude. During high\u2010intensity exercise, lower responses of both Dia<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub> frequency and Dia<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub> amplitude were observed in rats after CBX. The Abd<jats:sub>EMG<\/jats:sub> phasic active expiratory response was not significant either before or after CBX during low\u2010intensity exercise. However, CBX reduced the phasic active expiratory responses during high\u2010intensity exercise. The blunted responses of inspiratory and expiratory adjustments to high\u2010intensity exercise after CBX were associated with higher <jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/eph12754-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09580670:media:eph12754:eph12754-math-0002\"\/> levels and lower arterial pH values. Our data show that in rats the CBs do not participate in the inspiratory and expiratory responses to low\u2010intensity exercise, but are involved in the respiratory compensation against the metabolic acidosis induced by high\u2010intensity exercise.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep088203","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,3]],"date-time":"2020-05-03T04:28:35Z","timestamp":1588480115000},"page":"1349-1359","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The role of carotid bodies in the generation of active inspiratory and expiratory responses to exercise in rats"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Pedro F.","family":"Spiller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos A. 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