{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,14]],"date-time":"2025-05-14T02:07:47Z","timestamp":1747188467118,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]],"date-time":"2020-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1581984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Impairment and subsequent improvement in cerebral oxygenation during acute and prolonged exposure to high altitude affect exercise performance. This study innovates by investigating the effect of acute and prolonged high\u2010altitude exposure on cerebral haemodynamics during submaximal endurance exercise performed at the same relative intensity.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>Despite exercising at the same relative intensity at sea level and high altitude, participants showed a sustained impairment in cerebral oxygenation after prolonged exposure to high altitude, which might contribute to the absence of improvement in exercise tolerance.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Deterioration and subsequent improvement in cerebral oxygenation during acute and prolonged hypoxic exposure may affect whole\u2010body exercise performance at high altitude. In this study, we investigated the effect of hypoxic exposure on cerebral haemodynamics at different cortical locations during exercise at the same relative intensity after 1 (D1) and 5\u00a0days (D5) at 4350\u00a0m. Eleven male subjects performed a submaximal bout of cycling exercise (6\u00a0min at 35%\u00a0+\u00a06\u00a0min at 55% + time\u2010to\u2010exhaustion at 75% of peak work rate achieved in the same conditions, i.e. normoxia or hypoxia at sea level) on D1 and D5. Transcranial Doppler and near\u2010infrared spectroscopy were used to assess middle cerebral artery blood velocity and prefrontal and motor cortex oxygenation, respectively. Despite using the same relative intensity, the duration of exercise was reduced on D1 (22.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.1\u00a0min) compared with sea level (32.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a09.0\u00a0min; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), with no improvement on D5 (20.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06.3\u00a0min; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05). Middle cerebral artery blood velocity during exercise was elevated on D1 (+18.2%) and D5 (+15.0%) compared with sea level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). However, prefrontal and motor cortex oxygenation was reduced on D1 and D5 compared with sea level (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). This pattern was of similar magnitude between cortical locations, whereas the total haemoglobin concentration increased to a greater extent in the prefrontal <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> motor cortex at exhaustion on D1 and D5. In contrast to our primary hypothesis, prefrontal and motor cortex oxygenation and exercise performance did not improve over 5\u00a0days at 4350\u00a0m. The sustained impairment in cerebral oxygenation might contribute to the absence of improvement in exercise performance after partial acclimatization to high altitude.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep088354","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,30]],"date-time":"2020-01-30T17:19:49Z","timestamp":1580404789000},"page":"65-75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Cerebral haemodynamics and oxygenation during whole\u2010body exercise over 5\u00a0days at high altitude"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"106","author":[{"given":"Mathieu","family":"Marillier","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory INSERM Grenoble Alpes University  CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Rupp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory INSERM Grenoble Alpes University  CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"},{"name":"Inter\u2010University Laboratory of Human Movement Sciences EA 7424 University Savoie Mont Blanc  Chambery France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre","family":"Bouzat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grenoble Institute of Neurosciences INSERM U836 Grenoble Alpes University  Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guillaume","family":"Walther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAPEC EA4278 Avignon University  Avignon France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9bastien","family":"Baillieul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory INSERM Grenoble Alpes University  CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6395-0762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guillaume Y.","family":"Millet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory INSERM Grenoble Alpes University  CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"},{"name":"Univ Lyon UJM\u2010Saint\u2010Etienne Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricit\u00e9  EA 7424 F\u201042023 Saint\u2010Etienne France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Robach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory INSERM Grenoble Alpes University  CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"},{"name":"Ecole Nationale des Sports de Montagne site de l'Ecole Nationale de Ski et d'Alpinisme  Chamonix France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0831-9222","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samuel","family":"Verges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HP2 Laboratory INSERM Grenoble Alpes University  CHU Grenoble Alpes Grenoble France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00639.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2008.045575"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/ham.2013.1138"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01008.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00606.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.129700"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.116.024226"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00156.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"793","article-title":"Maximal and submaximal exercise performance at altitude","volume":"69","author":"Fulco C. 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