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IUGR favoured increased adiposity in male mice, and high\u2010fat diet\u2010induced anxiety\u2010like behaviour in female mice.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>As there is sexual dimorphism in the response to maternal manipulations, we aimed to analyse the effects of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in both sexes on morphometric, metabolic and behavioural parameters throughout postnatal development, and after challenge with a hyperlipidic diet. Female Swiss mice (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a059) were distributed into two groups (SD: standard diet, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a026; and PDD: isocaloric protein\u2010deficient diet, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a033), 2\u00a0weeks before mating and during the gestational period. After birth, offspring from SD and PDD dams were cross\u2010fostered and nurtured by SD dams until postnatal day (PND) 28. At PND 60 all animals were challenged with a hypercaloric diet for 4\u00a0weeks. Offspring birth weight was significantly reduced in the PDD group compared to the SD group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0001), but only male offspring presented a rapid catch\u2010up during the first 21\u00a0days of development. Although no differences in body weight were observed between groups after the challenge with the hyperlipidic diet, an increase in the relative perigonadal white adipose tissue (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.009) and a decrease in gross gastrocnemius muscle weight (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.010) were observed in the PDD males. In relation to behavioural tests, there was an increase in locomotion in both sexes (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.0001), and a decrease in female grooming (<jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.006) in the PDD group. Additionally, females from the PDD group showed increased hyperlipidic food intake. In conclusion, IUGR affected both sexes, with females showing prominent behavioural modifications and males presenting altered body composition elicited by a hyperlipidic diet.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep088859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,24]],"date-time":"2020-10-24T12:21:22Z","timestamp":1603542082000},"page":"2061-2072","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Hyperlipidic diet affects body composition and induces anxiety\u2010like behaviour in intrauterine growth\u2010restricted adult mice"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"Luana Cristina","family":"de Almeida Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychobiology Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allan Chiaratti","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vanessa","family":"Cavalcante\u2010Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychobiology Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria do Carmo","family":"Franco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0947-5312","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia","family":"D'Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychobiology Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archgenpsychiatry.2010.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2020.00330"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2015.236"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"167","volume":"1","author":"Andersen M. 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