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Recordings in the <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> preparation of mice submitted to sustained hypoxia show an increase in cervical vagus nerve activity and a simultaneous reduction in thoracic sympathetic nerve activity correlated with changes in the respiratory cycle. Therefore, mice are an important model for studies on the modulation of sympathetic activity to the cardiovascular system and the vagus innervation of the upper airways due to changes in the respiratory network induced by sustained hypoxia.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Short\u2010term sustained hypoxia (SH) in rats induces sympathetic overactivity and hypertension due to changes in sympathetic\u2013respiratory coupling. However, there are no consistent data about the effect of SH on mice due to the different protocols of hypoxia and difficulties associated with the handling of these rodents under different experimental conditions. <jats:italic>In situ<\/jats:italic> recordings of autonomic and respiratory nerves in SH mice have not been performed yet. Herein, we evaluated the effects of SH (<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/eph12940-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:09580670:media:eph12940:eph12940-math-0001\"\/>\u00a0=\u00a00.1 for 24\u00a0h) on baseline mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), respiratory frequency (<jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub>) and responses to chemoreflex activation in behaving SH mice. A characterization of changes in cervical vagus (cVN), thoracic sympathetic (tSN), phrenic (PN) and abdominal (AbN) nerves in SH mice using the <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> working heart\u2013brainstem preparation was also performed. SH mice presented normal MAP, significant reduction in baseline HR, increase in baseline <jats:italic>f<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>R<\/jats:sub>, as well as increase in the magnitude of bradycardic response to chemoreflex activation. In <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> preparations, SH mice presented a reduction in PN discharge frequency, and increases in the time of expiration and incidence of late\u2010expiratory bursts in AbN activity. Nerve recordings also indicated a significant increase in cVN activity and a significant reduction in tSN activity during expiration in SH mice. These findings make SH mice an important experimental model for better understanding how changes in the respiratory network may impact on the modulation of vagal control to the upper airways, as well as in the sympathetic activity to the cardiovascular system.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep089323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,27]],"date-time":"2021-01-27T09:09:29Z","timestamp":1611738569000},"page":"759-770","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Changes in the autonomic and respiratory patterns in mice submitted to short\u2010term sustained hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1577-3191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karla L.","family":"Rodrigues","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP 14049\u2010900 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juliana R.","family":"Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP 14049\u2010900 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1835-040X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Darlan S.","family":"Bazilio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP 14049\u2010900 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mauro","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP 14049\u2010900 Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melina P. 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