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Failure of these mechanisms causes hyperglycaemia or diabetes. Current anti\u2010diabetic medications control blood glucose but many patients remain with hyperglycemic condition. Diabetes is often associated with hypertension; the latter is more difficult to control in hyperglycaemic conditions. We ask whether a better understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of glucose control could improve treatment of both diabetes and hypertension when they co\u2010exist. With the involvement of the carotid body (CB) in glucose sensing, metabolic regulation and control of sympathetic nerve activity, we consider the CB as a potential treatment target for both diabetes and hypertension. We provide an update on the role of the CB in glucose sensing and glucose homeostasis. Physiologically, hypoglycaemia stimulates the release of hormones such as glucagon and adrenaline, which mobilize or synthesize glucose; however, these counter\u2010regulatory responses were markedly attenuated after denervation of the CBs in animals. Also, CB denervation prevents and reverses insulin resistance and glucose intolerance. We discuss the CB as a metabolic regulator (not just a sensor of blood gases) and consider recent evidence of novel \u2018metabolic\u2019 receptors within the CB and putative signalling peptides that may control glucose homeostasis via modulation of the sympathetic nervous system. The evidence presented may inform future clinical strategies in the treatment of patients with both diabetes and hypertension, which may include the CB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep090090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,31]],"date-time":"2023-03-31T02:22:36Z","timestamp":1680229356000},"page":"661-671","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Carotid body: an emerging target for cardiometabolic co\u2010morbidities"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"108","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2366-3862","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pratik","family":"Thakkar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manaaki Manawa \u2013 the Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Audrys G.","family":"Pauza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manaaki Manawa \u2013 the Centre for Heart Research, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Neuroendocrinology Research Group, Bristol Medical School: Translational Health Sciences University of Bristol  Bristol UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian F. 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