{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T04:16:57Z","timestamp":1790741817869,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]],"date-time":"2022-06-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1655164800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:bold>What is the topic of this review?<\/jats:bold>\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                          <jats:p>The status and potential role of novel biological markers (biomarkers) that can help identify the patients at risk of organ injury or long\u2010term complications following heatstroke.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:bold>What advances does it highlight?<\/jats:bold>\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                          <jats:p>Numerous biomarkers were identified related to many aspects of generalized heatstroke\u2010induced cellular injury and tissue damage, and heatstroke\u2010provoked cardiovascular, renal, cerebral, intestinal and skeletal muscle injury. No novel biomarkers were identified for liver or lung injury.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Classic and exertional heatstroke cause acute injury and damage across numerous organ systems. Moreover, heatstroke survivors may sustain long\u2010term neurological, cardiovascular and renal complications with a persistent risk of death. In this context, biomarkers, defined as biological samples obtained from heatstroke patients, are needed to detect early organ injury, and predict outcomes to develop novel organ preservation therapeutic strategies. This narrative review provides preliminary insights that will guide the development and future utilization of these biomarkers. To this end, we have identified numerous biomarkers of widespread heatstroke\u2010associated cellular injury, tissue damage and repair (extracellular heat shock proteins 72 and 60, high mobility group box protein 1, histone H3, and interleukin\u20101\u03b1), and other organ\u2010specific biomarkers including those related to the cardiovascular system (cardiac troponin I, endothelium\u2010derived factors, circulation endothelial cells, adhesion molecules, thrombomodulin and von Willebrand factor antigen), the kidneys (plasma and urinary neutrophil gelatinase\u2010associated lipocalin), the intestines (intestinal fatty acid\u2010binding protein 2), the brain (serum S100\u03b2 and neuron\u2010specific enolase) and skeletal muscle (creatine kinase, myoglobin). No specific biomarkers have been identified so far for liver or lung injury in heatstroke. Before translating the identified biomarkers into clinical practice, additional preclinical and clinical prospective studies are required to further understand their clinical utility, particularly for the biomarkers related to long\u2010term post\u2010heatstroke health outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep090142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,2]],"date-time":"2022-06-02T19:23:15Z","timestamp":1654197795000},"page":"1159-1171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":62,"title":["Biomarkers of heatstroke\u2010induced organ injury and repair"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3590-3958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zachary J.","family":"Schlader","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology School of Public Health Indiana University Bloomington IN USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael S.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3089-5936","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abderrezak","family":"Bouchama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine King Abdullah International Medical Research Center King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard \u2013 Health Affairs Riyadh Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001721-199410000-00009"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biology10101068"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s001340050787"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archinte.167.20.ioi70147"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e31802fa199"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00286.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.20.12.2511"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-021-00334-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1650685"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00003246-199607000-00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1991.70.6.2640"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00461.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-017-0817-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12192-015-0645-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1213\/ane.0b013e3181a9d8d9"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/JSR.0b013e31825615cc"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4085\/1062-6050-50.9.07"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40279-020-01348-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00313028109086837"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","article-title":"Kidney physiology and pathophysiology during heat stress and the modification by exercise, dehydration, heat acclimation and aging","author":"Chapman C. 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