{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,22]],"date-time":"2026-01-22T06:03:28Z","timestamp":1769061808936,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,27]],"date-time":"2022-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000038","name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000038","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100002014","name":"Chesapeake Research Consortium","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100002014","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>New Findings<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the central question of this study?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>What are the contributions of shear stress and adrenergic tone to brachial artery vasodilatation during hypercapnia?<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p><jats:bold>What is the main finding and its importance?<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>\n<jats:p>In healthy young adults, shear\u2010mediated vasodilatation does not occur in the brachial artery during hypercapnia, as elevated \u03b1\u2081\u2010adrenergic activity typically maintains vascular tone and offsets distal vasodilatation controlling flow.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to assess the shear stress dependency of brachial artery (BA) responses to hypercapnia, and the \u03b1\u2081\u2010adrenergic restraint of these responses. We hypothesized that elevated shear stress during hypercapnia would cause BA vasodilatation, but where shear stress was prohibited (via arterial compression), the BA would not vasodilate (study 1); and, in the absence of \u03b1\u2081\u2010adrenergic activity, blood flow, shear stress and BA vasodilatation would increase (study 2). In study 1, 14 healthy adults (7\/7 male\/female, 27\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00a0years) underwent bilateral BA duplex ultrasound during hypercapnia (partial pressure of end\u2010tidal carbon dioxide, +10.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.3\u00a0mmHg above baseline, 12\u00a0min) via dynamic end\u2010tidal forcing, and shear stress was reduced in one BA using manual compression (compression vs. control arm). Neither diameter nor blood flow was different between baseline and the last minute of hypercapnia (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.423, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.363, respectively) in either arm. The change values from baseline to the last minute, in diameter (%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.201), flow (ml\/min; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.234) and conductance (ml\/min\/mmHg; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.503) were not different between arms. In study 2, 12 healthy adults (9\/3 male\/female, 26\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04\u00a0years) underwent the same design with and without \u03b1\u2081\u2010adrenergic receptor blockade (prazosin; 0.05\u00a0mg\/kg) in a placebo\u2010controlled, double\u2010blind and randomized design. BA flow, conductance and shear rate increased during hypercapnia in the prazosin control arm (interaction, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001), but in neither arm during placebo. Even in the absence of \u03b1\u2081\u2010adrenergic restraint, downstream vasodilatation in the microvasculature during hypercapnia is insufficient to cause shear\u2010mediated vasodilatation in the BA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep090690","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,17]],"date-time":"2022-09-17T05:31:02Z","timestamp":1663392662000},"page":"1440-1453","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Brachial artery responses to acute hypercapnia: The roles of shear stress and adrenergic tone"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"107","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7236-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay M. J. 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