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The objective of the present study was to investigate the capacity of Fb derived from peripheral nerves to stimulate the outgrowth of neurites from adult dorsal root ganglion neurons and to clarify their molecular characteristics. Fibroblasts were prepared from the epineurium and parenchyma of rat sciatic nerves and skin. The Fb derived from epineurium showed the greatest effect on neurite outgrowth, followed by the Fb derived from parenchyma, indicating that Fb derived from nerves promote neurite outgrowth more effectively than skin\u2010derived Fb. Although both soluble and cell\u2010surface factors contributed evenly to the neurite\u2010promoting effect of nerve\u2010derived Fb, in crush and transection injury models, Fb were not closely associated with regenerating axons, indicating that only soluble factors from Fb are available to regenerating axons. A transcriptome analysis revealed that the molecular profiles of these Fb were distinctly different and that the gene expression profiles of soluble factors that promote axonal growth are unique to each Fb. These findings indicate that Fb are molecularly and functionally different depending on their localization in nerve tissue and that Fb derived from epineurium might be involved more than was previously thought in axon regeneration after peripheral nerve injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep090751","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,5]],"date-time":"2023-03-05T08:00:56Z","timestamp":1678003256000},"page":"621-635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Peripheral nerve\u2010derived fibroblasts promote neurite outgrowth in adult dorsal root ganglion neurons more effectively than skin\u2010derived fibroblasts"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"108","author":[{"given":"Masato","family":"Hara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine Hokkaido University  Sapporo 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