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This phenomenon occurs independently from hypoxic blood entering the contracting skeletal muscle circulation or metabolic byproducts leaving skeletal muscles, supporting the contention that neural mechanisms per se can mediate the HVR when humoral mechanisms are not at play. However, multiple neural mechanisms might be interacting intricately. First, we discuss the neural mechanisms involved in the ventilatory response to hypoxic exercise and their potential interactions. Current evidence does not support an interaction between the carotid chemoreflex and central command. In contrast, findings from some studies support synergistic interactions between the carotid chemoreflex and the muscle mechano\u2010 and metaboreflexes. Second, we propose hypotheses about potential mechanisms underlying neural interactions, including spatial and temporal summation of afferent signals into the medulla, short\u2010term potentiation and sympathetically induced activation of the carotid chemoreceptors. Lastly, we ponder how exercise\u2010induced potentiation of the HVR results in hyperventilation\u2010induced hypocapnia, which influences cerebral blood flow regulation, with multifaceted potential consequences, including deleterious (increased central fatigue and impaired cognitive performance), inert (unchanged exercise) and beneficial effects (protection against excessive cerebral perfusion).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep091330","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,5]],"date-time":"2024-03-05T16:21:34Z","timestamp":1709655694000},"page":"1844-1855","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Exercise\u2010induced potentiation of the acute hypoxic ventilatory response: Neural mechanisms and implications for cerebral blood flow"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"109","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2967-5736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diogo 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