{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T12:51:43Z","timestamp":1784119903052,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709683200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Endothelial dysfunction develops with age and may precede cardiovascular disease. Animal data suggest that T\u2010type calcium channels play an important role in endothelial function, but data from humans are lacking. This study included 15 healthy, sedentary, elderly males for a double blinded, randomized controlled trial. For 8\u00a0weeks, they were given 40\u00a0mg\/day of either efonidipine (L\u2010 and T\u2010type calcium channel blocker (CCB)) or nifedipine (L\u2010type CCB). Vascular function was evaluated by graded femoral arterial infusions of acetylcholine (ACh; endothelium\u2010dependent vasodilator) and sodium nitroprusside (endothelium\u2010independent vasodilator) both with and without co\u2010infusion of <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010acetylcysteine (NAC; antioxidant). We measured leg blood flow and mean arterial pressure and calculated leg vascular conductance to evaluate the leg vascular responses. Despite no significant change in blood pressure in either group, we observed higher leg blood flow responses (\u0394 0.43\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.45\u00a0l\/min, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.006) and leg vascular conductance (\u0394 5.38\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.67\u00a0ml\/min\/mmHg, <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=\u00a00.005) to intra\u2010arterial ACh after efonidipine, whereas there was no change in the nifedipine group, and no differences between groups. We found no upregulation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase in vastus lateralis muscle biopsies within or between groups. Smooth muscle cell responsiveness was unaltered by efonidipine or nifedipine. Intravenous co\u2010infusion of NAC did not affect endothelium\u2010dependent vasodilatation in either of the CCB groups. These results suggest that 8\u00a0weeks\u2019 inhibition of T\u2010 and L\u2010type calcium channels augments endothelium\u2010dependent vasodilatory function in healthy elderly males. Further studies are required to elucidate if T\u2010type calcium channel inhibition can counteract endothelial dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep091645","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]],"date-time":"2024-03-06T12:04:01Z","timestamp":1709726641000},"page":"779-790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["The role of T\u2010type calcium channels in elderly human vascular function: A pilot randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Ulrik Winning","family":"Iepsen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Physical Activity Research Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Hvidovre Hospital  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas R.","family":"Hjortdal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Physical Activity Research Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne D.","family":"Thuesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stine H.","family":"Finsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pernille B. L.","family":"Hansen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefan P.","family":"Mortensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular and Renal Research University of Southern Denmark  Odense Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90305-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0735-1097(94)90305-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(09)61460-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00179.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00556.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.4960221105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.100.2.164"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00842.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.HYP.27.4.849"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00276.2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc4601.099485"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.97.8.716"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.107.160226"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41371-021-00578-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-2267"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0b013e3280104dba"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2012.240093"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2014.081620"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1291\/hypres.28.889"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/0929867325666180713144806"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5551\/jat.1628"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiol.00059.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-014-1492-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.7.1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP282896"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-017-2068-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00817.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0735-1097(03)00994-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.0000063385.12476.A7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.678276"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.114.009654"}],"container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/EP091645","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,24]],"date-time":"2024-07-24T12:52:07Z","timestamp":1721825527000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/EP091645"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/EP091645"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/ep091645","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0958-0670","1469-445X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0958-0670","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-445X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2023-11-06","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-02-13","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2024-03-06","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}