{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T23:24:23Z","timestamp":1793143463899,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724716800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Acute ingestion of exogenous ketone supplements in the form of a (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u20103\u2010hydroxybutyl (\n                    <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\n                    )\u20103\u2010hydroxybutyrate (R\u2010BD R\u2010\u03b2HB) ketone monoester (KME) can attenuate declines in oxygen availability during hypoxic exposure and might impact cognitive performance at rest and in response to moderate\u2010intensity exercise. In a single\u2010blind randomized crossover design, 16 males performed assessments of cognitive performance before and during hypoxic exposure with moderate exercise [2\u00a0\u00d7\u00a020\u00a0min weighted ruck (\u223c22\u00a0kg) at 3.2\u00a0km\/h at 10% incline] in a normobaric altitude chamber (4572\u00a0m, 11.8% O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    ). The R\u2010BD R\u2010\u03b2HB KME (573\u00a0mg\/kg) or a calorie\u2010 and taste\u2010matched placebo (\u223c50\u00a0g maltodextrin) were co\u2010ingested with 40\u00a0g of dextrose before exposure to hypoxia. The R\u2010\u03b2HB concentrations were rapidly elevated and sustained (&gt;3\u00a0mM;\n                    <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.001) by KME. The decline in oxygen saturation during hypoxic exposure was attenuated in KME conditions by 2.4%\u20134.2% (\n                    <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.05) compared with placebo. Outcomes of cognitive performance tasks, in the form of the Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment (DANA) code substitution task, the Stroop color and word task, and a shooting simulation, did not differ between trials before and during hypoxic exposure. These data suggest that the acute exogenous ketosis induced by KME ingestion can attenuate declining blood oxygen saturation during acute hypoxic exposure both at rest and during moderate\u2010intensity exercise, but this did not translate into differences in cognitive performance before or after exercise in the conditions investigated.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep091789","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]],"date-time":"2024-08-27T12:40:00Z","timestamp":1724762400000},"page":"1768-1781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Ketone monoester attenuates oxygen desaturation during weighted ruck exercise under acute hypoxic exposure but does not impact cognitive performance"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"109","author":[{"given":"Tyler S.","family":"McClure","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Human Performance Dublin City University  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey","family":"Phillips","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2058-8730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn","family":"Kernagis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery University of North Carolina  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kody","family":"Coleman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ed","family":"Chappe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary R.","family":"Cutter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8327-9016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Egan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health and Human Performance Dublin City University  Dublin Ireland"},{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd","family":"Norell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brianna J.","family":"Stubbs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Buck Institute for Research on Aging  Novato California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcas M.","family":"Bamman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew P.","family":"Koutnik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Healthspan, Resilience and Performance Research Florida Institute for Human and Machine Cognition  Pensacola Florida USA"},{"name":"Sansum Diabetes Research Institute  Santa Barbara California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13573"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/ASEM.3661.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.4709.2017"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","article-title":"Acetazolamide reduces exercise capacity following a 5\u2010day ascent to 4559 m in a randomised study","volume":"4","author":"Bradwell A. 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S. Phillips J. Koutnik A. P. Coleman K. Chappe E. Cutter G. R. Egan B. Norell T. Stubbs B. J. Bamman M. M. &Kernagis D.(2024).Ketone monoester attenuates declines in cognitive performance and oxygen saturation during acute severe hypoxic exposure under resting conditions. 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