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Nowhere is such phenotypic change more conspicuous than skeletal muscle, which can be effectively remodelled by increased loading, ageing and unloading (disuse), all of which are subject to modification by nutrition and other environmental stimuli. The understanding of muscle proteome remodelling has undergone a renaissance recently with the reintroduction of deuterated water (D<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>O) and its ingestion to label amino acids and measure their incorporation into proteins. However, there is confusion around the use of the deuterated water methodology and the interpretation of the data it provides. Here, we provide a short review of some of the more salient features of the method and clarify some of the confusion around the method of deuterated water methods and its use in humans and how the interpretation of the data is in contrast to that of rodents.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep092353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,6]],"date-time":"2025-02-06T07:21:47Z","timestamp":1738826507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Turning over new ideas in human skeletal muscle proteostasis: What do we know and where to from here?"],"prefix":"10.1113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5437-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changhyun","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Population Health Sciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences Newcastle University  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"McKendry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"},{"name":"Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems The University of British Columbia  Vancouver BC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Lees","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise Metabolism Research Group, Department of Kinesiology McMaster University  Hamilton Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7286-046X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip J.","family":"Atherton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC\/ARUK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research and National Institute of Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, School of Medicine University of Nottingham  Derby UK"},{"name":"Ritsumeikan Advanced Research Academy (RARA) Fellow and Visiting Professor, Faculty of Sport and Health Science Ritsumeikan University  Kyoto Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas A.","family":"Burd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health and Kinesiology and Division of Nutritional Sciences University of Illinois Urbana\u2010Champaign  Urbana Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M.","family":"Holwerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM Institute of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism Maastricht University Medical Center+  Maastricht the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc J. 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