{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T00:09:59Z","timestamp":1792195799524,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749772800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,13]],"date-time":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749772800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100025190","name":"Gilead Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IN\u2010UK\u2010983\u20106080"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN\u2010UK\u2010983\u20106080"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100025190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Long COVID has a complex pathology and a heterogeneous symptom profile that impacts quality of life and functional status. Post\u2010exertional symptom exacerbation (PESE) affects one\u2010third of people living with long COVID, but the physiological basis of impaired physical function remains poorly understood. Sixty\u2010eight people (age (mean\u00a0\u00b1\u00a0SD): 50\u00a0\u00b1\u00a011 years, 46 females (68%)) were screened for severity of PESE and completed two submaximal cardiopulmonary exercise tests separated by 24\u00a0h. Work rate was stratified relative to functional status and was set at 10, 20 or 30\u00a0W, increasing by 5\u00a0W\/min for a maximum of 12\u00a0min. At the first ventilatory threshold (VT1),  was 0.73\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.16\u00a0L\/min on Day 1 and decreased on Day 2 (0.68\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.16\u00a0L\/min;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.003). Work rate at VT1 was lower on Day 2 (Day 1 vs. Day 2; 28\u00a0\u00b1\u00a013 vs. 24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a012\u00a0W;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.004). Oxygen pulse on Day 1 at VT1 was 8.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.2\u00a0mL\/beat and was reduced on Day 2 (7.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.8\u00a0mL\/beat;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.002). The partial pressure of end tidal carbon dioxide was reduced on Day 2 (Day 1 vs. Day 2; 38\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.8 vs. 37\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.2\u00a0mmHg;\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.010). Impaired  is indicative of reduced transport and\/or utilisation of oxygen.  at VT1 was impaired on Day 2, highlighting worsened function in the 24\u00a0h after submaximal exercise. The data suggest multiple contributing physiological mechanisms across different systems and further research is needed to investigate these areas.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep092576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,14]],"date-time":"2025-06-14T01:59:37Z","timestamp":1749866377000},"page":"435-448","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Submaximal 2\u2010day cardiopulmonary exercise testing to assess exercise capacity and post\u2010exertional symptom exacerbation in people with long COVID"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8608-8231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Callum","family":"Thomas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical and Clinical Science Research Theme, School of Human Sciences University of Derby  Derby 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Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9028-303X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Pastorio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health and Life Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle  Newcastle upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Owen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical and Clinical Science Research Theme, School of Human Sciences University of Derby  Derby UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom","family":"Maden\u2010Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Activity, Wellbeing and Public Health Research Group, School of Sport and Physical Activity Sheffield Hallam University  Sheffield 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