{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T19:04:11Z","timestamp":1762196651599,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT\u20131802424"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT\u20131802424"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000008","name":"Health Canada","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["4500387992"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4500387992"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000008","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Older adults with reduced thermoregulatory capabilities are increasingly at risk of heat\u2010related pathophysiological outcomes (e.g., acute kidney injury, heatstroke) due to increasingly frequent, prolonged and intense heatwaves. Foot immersion and neck cooling have been proposed as practical, non\u2010electrical cooling strategies for protecting older adults during heatwaves, though evidence supporting their efficacy is limited. This study evaluated the effect of foot immersion with or without neck cooling on systemic proteins associated with acute kidney injury (NGAL, KIM\u20101), intestinal enterocyte damage (IFABP), immune activation (sCD14) and systemic inflammation (IL\u20106, TNF\u2010\u03b1, CRP) in older adults. Seventeen participants (nine females; median [IQR] age 72 [69\u201374] years) completed three randomized 6\u2010h passive heat exposures (38\u00b0C, 35% relative humidity) with no\u2010cooling, foot immersion in 20\u00b0C water, or foot immersion with neck cooling via wet towels. Thermal and cardiovascular strain were measured throughout exposures, with venous blood samples collected pre\u2010 and post\u2010exposure. Body core temperature increased by \u223c1.1\u00b0C (\n                    <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.001) with no changes in any measured systemic proteins (all\n                    <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;\u00a00.05) across conditions. Foot immersion with or without neck cooling modestly reduced heart rate, mean skin temperature, whole\u2010body sweat rate and fluid consumption (\n                    <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    &lt;\u00a00.05), but had no effect on body core temperature or systemic protein concentrations (all\n                    <jats:italic>P\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                    &gt;\u00a00.05) relative to no\u2010cooling. These findings do not support the efficacy of these interventions for mitigating hyperthermia in older adults during heatwaves. Further research is warranted to evaluate their efficacy for protecting against heat\u2010related acute kidney injury, intestinal enterocyte damage, immune activation, or systemic inflammation under more severe exposure conditions.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep093094","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]],"date-time":"2025-11-03T18:42:35Z","timestamp":1762195355000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of foot immersion and neck cooling on renal, intestinal, immune and inflammatory markers in older adults exposed to extreme heat"],"prefix":"10.1113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8406-2317","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Physiology Group, Centre for Physical Activity, Sport, Exercise Sciences Coventry University  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ben J.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Physiology Group, Centre for Physical Activity, Sport, Exercise Sciences Coventry University  Coventry UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James J.","family":"McCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics University of Ottawa  Ottawa Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kelli E.","family":"King","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics University of Ottawa  Ottawa Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2796-9279","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma R.","family":"McCourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics University of Ottawa  Ottawa Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luana C.","family":"Main","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Deakin University  Geelong Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert D.","family":"Meade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics University of Ottawa  Ottawa Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Glen P.","family":"Kenny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human and Environmental Physiology Research Unit, School of Human Kinetics University of Ottawa  Ottawa Canada"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology Program Ottawa Hospital Research Institute  Ottawa Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,3]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0000000000001503","article-title":"The role of cooling centers in protecting vulnerable individuals from extreme heat","volume":"33","author":"Bedi N. 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