{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T20:06:27Z","timestamp":1789848387938,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771286400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100018542","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023NSFSC0641"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023NSFSC0641"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100018542","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004829","name":"Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["30305020569"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30305020569"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004829","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Current experimental models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) lack standardized approaches for evaluating left atrial (LA) remodelling and atrioventricular (AV) coupling, leaving a critical gap in mechanistic understanding and phenotypic characterization. This study aimed to explore LA function and AV coupling status in a rat model of hypertension\u2010related HFpEF, thereby providing support for phenotype\u2010specific therapeutic strategies. We established two experimental rat models: A dual\u2010hit model (high\u2010fat diet combined with\n                    <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sup>\u03c9<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2010nitro\u2010\n                    <jats:sc>l<\/jats:sc>\n                    \u2010arginine methyl ester; HD + NAME) and a high\u2010salt\u2010sensitive model (Dahl salt\u2010sensitive; Dahl\/SS). LA function and AV coupling were quantified using speckle\u2010tracking echocardiography (STE) with a modified LA imaging protocol and dedicated strain analysis software. Key parameters included phasic LA function, circumferential strain rates, LA stiffness index (LASI), and LA reservoir strain (LASr). Correlations with histopathological alterations were also examined. Both HFpEF groups exhibited significant left ventricular remodelling, diastolic dysfunction and reduced LASr compared with control (Control: 25.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.4%, Dahl\/SS: 17.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.6%, and HD + NAME: 15.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9%; all\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 vs. Control). The HD + NAME model demonstrated higher LASI and\n                    <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>\n                    \/early diastolic circumferential strain rate, indicating impaired AV coupling. Histological analysis revealed LA cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and interstitial fibrosis (fibrotic area: Control: 1.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a00.5%; HD + NAME: 4.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.7%, Dahl\/SS: 6.7\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.9%; all\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 vs. Control). Importantly, LASI correlated strongly with cardiomyocyte hypertrophy (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.0.635) and fibrosis (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.733; all\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Standardized STE enables high\u2010resolution quantification of LA function and AV coupling in preclinical HFpEF models. Comparative evaluation of dual\u2010hit and salt\u2010sensitive hypertension models provides phenotypic stratification and yields novel mechanistic insights into atrioventricular decoupling in HFpEF.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep093315","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,18]],"date-time":"2026-02-18T05:56:02Z","timestamp":1771394162000},"page":"2044-2057","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Strain\u2010based characterization of atrioventricular and left atrial remodelling in rat models of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"111","author":[{"given":"Qingfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Ultrasound Medicine and Computational Cardiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenhua","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ultrasound Medicine and Computational Cardiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongmei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ultrasound Medicine and Computational Cardiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ultrasound Medicine and Computational Cardiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lixue","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Electronic Science and Technology  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Ultrasound Medicine and Computational Cardiology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"},{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Ultrasound, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital University of Electronic Science and Technology of China  Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00081.2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00024.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00619.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-020-01208-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10741-015-9520-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fcvm.2024.1372181"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2024.06.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15775"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carpath.2017.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/clc.23073"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00536.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2023.102146"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.124.016549"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcmg.2022.11.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/eht098"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.niox.2022.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.33963\/KP.a2021.0105"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.213293"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ehf2.14089"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCIMAGING.123.015976"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.91.10.2642"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12933-017-0645-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcdd10060261"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00380-016-0900-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2016.01.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0148010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2017.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13239-021-00527-w"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2020.07.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00261.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-42760-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpheart.00318.2024"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehv512"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12574-018-0373-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hfc.2021.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/JP287094"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-019-1100-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.yjmcc.2017.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ejhf.1461"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2022.175126"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e19501"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocs.14960"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euje.2005.06.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ehjci\/jeab191"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2005.08.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacbts.2017.07.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2008.12.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.echo.2014.01.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/echo.15930"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.662882"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.851941"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehab389"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jjcc.2013.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2023.116558"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCHEARTFAILURE.115.003238"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5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