{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T16:23:31Z","timestamp":1786119811561,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,25]],"date-time":"2026-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779667200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002946","name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["33150WB2330"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["33150WB2330"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002946","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High\u2010intensity exercise induces systemic acidosis, which contributes to muscular performance decline. Controlled pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation has been proposed as a non\u2010invasive intervention to induce respiratory alkalosis and counteract acidosis\u2010related acute fatigue. In this study, we hypothesized that a real\u2010world\u2010applicable pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation protocol can improve incline sprint performance. This randomized, single\u2010centre, controlled crossover study included 36 recreational athletes aged 18\u201340 years. Each participant completed a series of three inclined treadmill interval sprints on two separate days: one with pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation and one without. Respiratory parameters were measured via spirometry, and post\u2010sprint capillary blood gas analysis was performed. Pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation resulted in higher mean CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    elimination during hyperventilation (32.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.1\u00a0vs. 21.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.5\u00a0mL\/kg,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and lower mean end\u2010tidal CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    partial pressure (17\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.5\u00a0mmHg vs. 30\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.7\u00a0mmHg,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) compared to control condition. Mean cumulative elevation gain did not differ between pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation (83.2\u00a0\u00b1\u00a027.6\u00a0m) and control condition (84.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a026.0\u00a0m,\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.6461). Differences in CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    elimination did not correlate with differences in performance (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a00.5905). We found no alterations in post\u2010sprint capillary blood lactate and pH between the two conditions (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&gt;\u00a00.05 for all sprints cumulatively and separately). Participants subjectively assessed the breathing protocol as unpleasant, and felt it negatively influenced their performance. The easily translatable pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation protocol investigated in this study did not improve performance in repeated high\u2010intensity incline sprint intervals. Therefore, we discourage its application in real\u2010world applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep093393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,26]],"date-time":"2026-05-26T00:59:09Z","timestamp":1779757149000},"page":"3412-3424","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The effect of pre\u2010exercise hyperventilation on repeated high\u2010intensity inclined sprint performance"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3420-5915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leon","family":"Fesseler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1088-6875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Patzak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Translational Physiology Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-5363-793X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viktor","family":"Heinz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"},{"name":"Institute of Integrative NeuroAnatomy Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Germany Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ngan\u2010Ha Stella","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oliver","family":"Opatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Physiology Center for Space Medicine and Extreme Environments Berlin Charit\u00e9 \u2013 Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt\u2010Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin  Berlin 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