{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T07:24:23Z","timestamp":1787210663997,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787097600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    High\u2010altitude hypoxia elicits several profound physiological responses, including substantial increases in muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA); however, the association of this heightened MSNA with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular haemodynamics remains unclear in lowlanders and indigenous highlander populations. We hypothesized that at high altitude resting MSNA would be associated with resting cardiovascular and cerebrovascular haemodynamics in lowlanders (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a026), and Sherpa (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a08) and Andean (\n                    <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0=\u00a023) indigenous highlanders. Data were retrospectively analysed from two separate high\u2010altitude expeditions to Nepal (2016; 5050\u00a0m) and Peru (2018; 4300\u00a0m). We assessed resting MSNA via radial or peroneal microneurography, and measured , heart rate, mean arterial pressure, brachial artery blood flow and endothelial function, and internal carotid and vertebral artery diameter, velocity, and blood flow. Resting MSNA demonstrated limited, population\u2010specific associations with vascular haemodynamics. Lowlanders showed the most consistent relationships, including positive associations between MSNA and heart rate, vertebral artery diameter and blood flow, and internal carotid artery velocity, while Sherpa and Andean highlanders showed few systemic or cerebrovascular associations with MSNA. No relationship was observed between MSNA and , brachial artery blood flow or endothelial function across populations. Sensitivity analysis confirmed that most directional relationships were robust to the removal of influential participants, although some associations, including the negative relationship between MSNA and brachial artery blood flow in Sherpa, were attenuated. These data highlight that single time\u2010point, resting MSNA may have limited predictive value for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular haemodynamics at high altitude within these specific populations; however, these data should be interpreted with caution, given the small cross\u2010sectional sample sizes.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/ep093530","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T06:54:03Z","timestamp":1787208843000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Is resting muscle sympathetic nerve activity related to peripheral or cerebrovascular haemodynamics at high altitude? A retrospective analysis"],"prefix":"10.1113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9491-1020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ty J. A.","family":"MacDonald","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Cerebrovascular and Environmental Physiology SB Laboratory Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences College of Biological Science University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9047-1926","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jenna C.","family":"McCrone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Cerebrovascular and Environmental Physiology SB Laboratory Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences College of Biological Science University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-2297-6813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christabel","family":"Osei\u2010Boateng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Cerebrovascular and Environmental Physiology SB Laboratory Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences College of Biological Science University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Connor D.","family":"Wideman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Cerebrovascular and Environmental Physiology SB Laboratory Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences College of Biological Science University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2228-0637","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samantha L.","family":"Tsioros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Integrative Cerebrovascular and Environmental Physiology SB Laboratory Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences College of Biological Science University of Guelph  Guelph Ontario Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1667-294X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua C.","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences Cardiff Metropolitan University  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2634-6195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Patrician","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences University of British Columbia \u2013 Okanagan  Kelowna British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1133-2444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Connor A.","family":"Howe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science University of Innsbruck  Innsbruck Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2667-0013","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geoff B.","family":"Coombs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Applied Human Physiology Bangor University  Bangor UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1005-7038","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin S.","family":"Stacey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurovascular Research Laboratory University of South Wales  Cardiff UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0357-6561","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lydia L.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bristol Medical School University of Bristol  Bristol 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USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3893-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Travis D.","family":"Gibbons","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biological Science Northern Arizona University  Flagstaff Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5657-0059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan L.","family":"Hoiland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia  Vancouver Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0731-8911","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Villafuerte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Fisiolog\u00eda Comparada\/Fisiolog\u00eda del Transporte de Ox\u00edgeno Facultad de Ciencias y Filosof\u00eda Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia  Lima Per\u00fa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0654-2383","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gilbert","family":"Moralez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Exercise and Environmental Medicine Texas Health Presbyterian Hospital Dallas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center  Dallas Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6560-222X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philip N.","family":"Ainslie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Heart, Lung and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise Sciences University of British Columbia \u2013 Okanagan  Kelowna British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9945-339X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael 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