{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T05:13:11Z","timestamp":1790831591376,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,5]],"date-time":"2005-05-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1115251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Increased wakefulness is known to suppress the initial ventilatory response to passive movement and the steady\u2010state ventilatory response to exercise. However, the effect of increased wakefulness upon the integrated ventilatory response at the onset of exercise is not known. We hypothesized that increasing wakefulness via a cognitive task would attenuate the initial ventilatory response to exercise, and so we examined the response to active leg extensions under two conditions: with and without concurrently solving a puzzle. At rest before exercise, subjects demonstrated greater minute ventilation while solving a puzzle (mean \u00b1<jats:sc>s.e.m.<\/jats:sc>, 12.38 \u00b1 0.55 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 10.12 \u00b1 0.51 l min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001), due to a higher mean breathing frequency (mean \u00b1<jats:sc>s.e.m.<\/jats:sc>, 17.1 \u00b1 0.93 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 13.6 \u00b1 0.59 breaths min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). At the start of exercise, subjects did not increase their ventilation significantly while solving the puzzle (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.170), but did by a mean \u00b1<jats:sc>s.e.m.<\/jats:sc> of 6.16 \u00b1 1.12 l min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) when not puzzle solving. The ventilation achieved at the start of exercise in absolute terms was also lower while solving the puzzle (14.6 \u00b1 1.1 <jats:italic>versus<\/jats:italic> 16.3 \u00b1 1.3 l min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>= 0.047). Despite differences in the rapid ventilatory response to exercise between conditions, the steady\u2010state responses were not different. We conclude that the performance of a cognitive task decreases the initial phase of exercise hyperpnoea, and suggest that this might occur because of either a competitive interaction between drives to breathe or a behavioural distraction from the \u2018task\u2019 of exercise.<\/jats:bold><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028779","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,1,22]],"date-time":"2005-01-22T01:47:08Z","timestamp":1106358428000},"page":"357-365","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The initial phase of exercise hyperpnoea in humans is depressed during a cognitive task"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Harold J.","family":"Bell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wya","family":"Feenstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Duffin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1979.sp012889"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01176.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00302.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00421-002-0771-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1987.sp016392"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1996.81.3.1379"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.903610204"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.2000.279.2.R394"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","first-page":"63","article-title":"Autonomie des stimulus ventilatoires oxygene, gaz carbonique et neurogenique de l'exerice musculaire","volume":"52","author":"Dejours P","year":"1960","journal-title":"J Physiol (Paris)"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1249\/00005768-199403000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1995.sp021081"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00597.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0028-3932(01)00117-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00634300"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200207-720OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145445503256318"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.cp120110"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","first-page":"498","article-title":"Etude des relation entre stimulus ventilatoire gaz carbonique et stimulus ventilatoire neurogenique de l'exercice musculaire chez l'homme","volume":"9","author":"Lefrancois R","year":"1964","journal-title":"Rev Franc Etud Clin Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1748-1716.1963.tb02622.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(95)00087-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(01)00295-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03679.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(89)90541-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","first-page":"269","article-title":"Interaction of mental factors with hypercapnic ventilatory drive in man","volume":"52","author":"Rigg JR","year":"1977","journal-title":"Clin Sci Mol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0167-8760(95)00026-O"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0361-9230(00)00312-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.1996.sp003911"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-349-10461-1_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-8993(03)02592-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.2001.00823.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(86)90125-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(00)00156-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1983.55.3.742"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00019.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","first-page":"225","article-title":"Carbon dioxide flow and exercise hyperpnea. 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