{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,21]],"date-time":"2026-10-21T20:26:06Z","timestamp":1792614366619,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,21]],"date-time":"2004-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1103587200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>\n                      This brief review addresses the characteristics, lability and the mechanisms underlying the hypocapnic\u2010induced apnoeic threshold which is unmasked during NREM sleep. The role of carotid chemoreceptors as fast, sensitive detectors of dynamic changes in CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      is emphasized and placed in historical context of the long\u2010held debate over central\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . peripheral contributions to CO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      sensing and to apnoea. Finally, evidence is presented which points to a significant role for unstable, central respiratory motor output as a significant contributor to upper airway narrowing and obstruction during sleep.\n                    <\/jats:bold>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028985","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,11,30]],"date-time":"2004-11-30T20:23:52Z","timestamp":1101846232000},"page":"13-24","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":246,"title":["Crossing the apnoeic threshold: causes and consequences"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Jerome A.","family":"Dempsey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jappl.1995.78.5.1806"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","first-page":"R1951","article-title":"Interaction between chemoreceptor and 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