{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T19:38:18Z","timestamp":1736537898166,"version":"3.32.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,2]],"date-time":"2006-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162425600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>(PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), which is generated by two isoforms of cyclo\u2010oxygenase (COX<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and COX<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>), is a key mediator in gastric mucosal defense. In the present study, antral mucosa of guinea\u2010pigs was incubated with various agonists or antagonists in a medium, the PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>concentration of which was measured using a PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>EIA kit. Prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>was released from the antral mucosa spontaneously (basal PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release) and acetylcholine (ACh, 10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) enhanced the PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release (ACh\u2010stimulated PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release) was mediated via intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>). Arachidonic acid enhanced both forms of PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release, and a phospholipase A<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>inhibitor (amylcinnamoyl anthranilic acid) and COX inhibitors (acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin) decreased them. 5\u2010(4\u2010Chlorophenyl)\u20101\u2010(4\u2010methoxyphenyl)\u20103\u2010trifluoromethylpyrazol (SC560, 100 n<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, a COX<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010selective inhibitor) inhibited ACh\u2010stimulated PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release without any decrease in basal PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release.<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010(2\u2010Cyclohexyloxy\u20104\u2010nitrophenyl) methanesulphonamide (NS398, 20 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>, a COX<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010selective inhibitor) decreased basal PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release without any reduction of ACh\u2010stimulated PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release. However, ionomycin (a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>ionophore) increased PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release from antral mucosa in the presence of SC560 or NS398, suggesting that COX<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and COX<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>are regulated by [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. These findings indicate that COX<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\u2010containing cells have ACh receptors but COX<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\u2010containing cells do not. Moreover, in isolated antral epithelial cells, SC560 decreased basal and ACh\u2010stimulated PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release, but NS398 did not. In conclusion, in antral mucosa, basal PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release is mainly maintained by COX<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>of non\u2010epithelial cells, and ACh\u2010stimulated PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>release is maintained by COX<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>of epithelial cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.034405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,9,1]],"date-time":"2006-09-01T00:17:41Z","timestamp":1157069861000},"page":"1015-1024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prostaglandin E<sub>2<\/sub>release in gastric antral mucosa of guinea\u2010pigs: basal PGE<sub>2<\/sub>release by cyclo\u2010oxygenase 2 and ACh\u2010stimulated PGE<sub>2<\/sub>release by cyclo\u2010oxygenase 1"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"91","author":[{"given":"Chikao","family":"Shimamoto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Nakanishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken\u2010ichi","family":"Katsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nakano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Nakahari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-6980(80)90126-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1999.085aa.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2005.032482"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0701673"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.bjp.0703955"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004872-199607000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.9561"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028746"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00398975"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.1996.v111.pm8690211"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4547(19971215)50:6<937::AID-JNR4>3.0.CO;2-E"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.1.272"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350200016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.274.5.3103"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/expphysiol.2004.028837"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00300.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/eph8602160"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0024-3205(01)01407-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.47.9.1379"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0952-3278(98)90079-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1383","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3565(24)37734-1","article-title":"Role of cyclooxygenase\u20102 in the healing of gastric ulcers in rats","volume":"286","author":"Shigeta J","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Pharmacol Exp Ther"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00060.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1124\/pr.56.3.3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2000.02242.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","first-page":"G118","article-title":"Stimulation of Cl\u2212 and HCO3 \u2212 secretion by intramural cholinergic neurons in guinea pig antrum in vitro","volume":"264","author":"Suzuki AG","year":"1993","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"Roles of endogenous prostaglandins and cyclooxygenase isozymes in mucosal defence of inflamed rat stomach","volume":"55","author":"Takeeda M","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Physiol Pharmacol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.00137.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.46.6.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"631","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00052-2","article-title":"Prostaglandins, NSAIDs, and cytoprotection","volume":"21","author":"Wallace JL","year":"1992","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin North Am"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2000.16510"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajprenal.00096.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01300285"}],"container-title":["Experimental Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fexpphysiol.2006.034405","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fexpphysiol.2006.034405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.034405","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T18:50:48Z","timestamp":1736535048000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.034405"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.034405"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/expphysiol.2006.034405","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0958-0670","1469-445X"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0958-0670"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-445X"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]}}}