{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T22:33:35Z","timestamp":1783722815941,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,14]],"date-time":"2015-12-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1450051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Carotid body chemoreceptors are organized in clusters containing receptor type\u00a0I and contiguous glial\u2010like type\u00a0II cells.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>While type\u00a0I cells depolarize and release ATP during chemostimulation, the role of type\u00a0II cells which express purinergic P2Y2 receptors (P2Y2Rs) and ATP\u2010permeable pannexin\u20101 (Panx\u20101) channels, is unclear.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Here, we show that in isolated rat chemoreceptor clusters, type\u00a0I cell depolarization induced by hypoxia, hypercapnia, or high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> caused delayed intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> elevations (\u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) in nearby type\u00a0II cells that were inhibited by the P2Y2R blocker suramin, or by the nucleoside hydrolase apyrase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Likewise, stimulation of P2Y2Rs on type\u00a0II cells caused a delayed, secondary \u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> in nearby type\u00a0I cells that was inhibited by blockers of Panx\u20101 channels, adenosine A<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub> receptors and 5\u2032\u2010ectonucleotidase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We propose that reciprocal crosstalk between type\u00a0I and type\u00a0II cells contributes to sensory processing in the carotid body via purinergic signalling pathways.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mammalian carotid body (CB) is excited by blood\u2010borne stimuli including hypoxia and acid hypercapnia, leading to respiratory and cardiovascular reflex responses. This chemosensory organ consists of innervated clusters of receptor type\u00a0I cells, ensheathed by processes of adjacent glial\u2010like type\u00a0II cells. ATP is a major excitatory neurotransmitter released from type\u00a0I cells and type\u00a0II cells express purinergic P2Y2 receptors (P2Y2Rs), the activation of which leads to the opening of ATP\u2010permeable, pannexin\u20101 (Panx\u20101) channels. While these properties support crosstalk between type\u00a0I and type\u00a0II cells during chemotransduction, direct evidence is lacking. To address this, we first exposed isolated rat chemoreceptor clusters to acute hypoxia, isohydric hypercapnia, or the depolarizing stimulus high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>, and monitored intracellular [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] using Fura\u20102. As expected, these stimuli induced intracellular [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] elevations (\u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) in type\u00a0I cells. Interestingly, however, there was often a delayed, secondary \u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> in nearby type\u00a0II cells that was reversibly inhibited by the P2Y2R antagonist suramin, or by the nucleoside hydrolase apyrase. By contrast, type\u00a0II cell stimulation with the P2Y2R agonist uridine\u20105\u2032\u2010triphosphate (100\u00a0\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) often led to a delayed, secondary \u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> response in nearby type\u00a0I cells that was reversibly inhibited by the Panx\u20101 blocker carbenoxolone (5\u00a0\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). This \u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> response was also strongly inhibited by blockers of either the adenosine A<jats:sub>2A<\/jats:sub> receptor (SCH\u00a058261) or of the 5\u2032\u2010ectonucleotidase (AOPCP), suggesting it was due to adenosine arising from breakdown of ATP released through Panx\u20101 channels. Collectively, these data strongly suggest that purinergic signalling mechanisms mediate crosstalk between CB chemoreceptor and glial cells during chemotransduction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp271494","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,11,5]],"date-time":"2015-11-05T09:45:28Z","timestamp":1446716728000},"page":"391-406","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Purinergic signalling mediates bidirectional crosstalk between chemoreceptor type\u00a0I and glial\u2010like type\u00a0II cells of the rat carotid body"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"594","author":[{"given":"Sindhubarathi","family":"Murali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology McMaster University  1280 Main St. West Hamilton Ontario Canada L8S 4K1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Colin A.","family":"Nurse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology McMaster University  1280 Main St. West 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