{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T23:03:01Z","timestamp":1791327781699,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,14]],"date-time":"2016-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1455408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>At the parallel fibre\u2010Purkinje cell glutamatergic synapse, little or no Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> entry takes place through postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptors, although postsynaptic calcium increases are clearly involved in the synaptic plasticity. Postsynaptic voltage\u2010gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels therefore constitute the sole rapid postsynaptic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signalling mechanism, making it essential to understand how they contribute to the synaptic signalling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Using a selective T\u2010type calcium channel antagonist, we describe a T\u2010type component of the EPSC that is activated by the AMPA receptor\u2010mediated depolarization of the spine and thus will contribute to the local calcium dynamics.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>This component can amount up to 20% of the EPSC, and this fraction is maintained even at the high frequencies sometimes encountered in sensory processing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Modelling based on our biophysical characterization of T\u2010type calcium channels in Purkinje cells suggests that the brief spine EPSCs cause the activated T\u2010type channels to deactivate rather than inactivate, enabling repetitive activation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the cerebellum, sensory information is conveyed to Purkinje cells (PC) via the granule cell\/parallel fibre (PF) pathway. Plasticity at the PF\u2010PC synapse is considered to be a mechanism of information storage in motor learning. The induction of synaptic plasticity in the cerebellum and elsewhere usually involves intracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signals. Unusually, postsynaptic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signalling in PF\u2010PC spines does not involve ionotropic glutamatergic receptors because postsynaptic NMDA receptors are absent and the AMPA receptors are Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010impermeable; postsynaptic voltage\u2010gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels therefore constitute the sole rapid Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> signalling mechanism. Low\u2010threshold activated T\u2010type calcium channels are present at the synapse, although their contribution to PF\u2010PC synaptic responses is unknown. Taking advantage of 3,5\u2010dichloro\u2010<jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\u2010[1\u2010(2,2\u2010dimethyl\u2010tetrahydro\u2010pyran\u20104\u2010ylmethyl)\u20104\u2010fluoro\u2010piperidin\u20104\u2010ylmethyl]\u2010benzamide, a selective T\u2010type channel antagonist, we show in the mouse that inhibition of these channels reduces PF\u2010PC excitatory postsynaptic currents and excitatory postsynaptic potentials by 15\u201320%. This contribution was preserved during sparse input and repetitive activity. We characterized the biophysical properties of native T\u2010type channels in young animals and modelled their activation during simulated dendritic excitatory postsynaptic potential waveforms. The comparison of modelled and observed synaptic responses suggests that T\u2010type channels only activate in spines that are strongly depolarized by their synaptic input, a process requiring a high spine neck resistance. This brief and local activation ensures that T\u2010type channels rapidly deactivate, thereby limiting inactivation during repetitive synaptic activity. T\u2010type channels are therefore ideally situated to provide synaptic Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> entry at PF\u2010PC spines.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp271623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,2]],"date-time":"2015-12-02T09:18:42Z","timestamp":1449047922000},"page":"915-936","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Contribution of postsynaptic T\u2010type calcium channels to parallel fibre\u2010Purkinje cell synaptic responses"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"594","author":[{"given":"Romain","family":"Ly","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197 and INSERM U1024  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guy","family":"Bouvier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ecole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), CNRS UMR 8197 and INSERM U1024  Paris 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