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To enable translation to humans, we developed baboon offspring cohorts from mothers fed <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> (control) or 70% of the control <jats:italic>ad libitum<\/jats:italic> diet in pregnancy and lactation, which were growth restricted at birth. We hypothesized that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) offspring hearts would show impaired function and a premature ageing phenotype. We studied IUGR baboons (8 male, 8 female, 5.7\u00a0years), control offspring (8 male, 8 female, 5.6 years \u2013 human equivalent approximately 25\u00a0years), and normal elderly (OLD) baboons (6 male, 6 female, mean 15.9\u00a0years). Left ventricular (LV) morphology and systolic and diastolic function were evaluated with cardiac MRI and normalized to body surface area. Two\u2010way ANOVA by group and sex (with <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) indicated ejection fraction, 3D sphericity indices, cardiac index, normalized systolic volume, normalized LV wall thickness, and average filling rate differed by group. Group and sex differences were found for normalized LV wall thickening and normalized myocardial mass, without interactions. Normalized peak LV filling rate and diastolic sphericity index were not correlated in control but strongly correlated in OLD and IUGR baboons. IUGR programming in baboons produces myocardial remodelling, reduces systolic and diastolic function, and results in the emergence of a premature ageing phenotype in the heart. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of the specific characteristics of cardiac programming and early life functional decline with ageing in an IUGR non\u2010human primate model. Further studies across the life span will determine progression of cardiac dysfunction.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp272908","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,7]],"date-time":"2016-11-07T01:03:25Z","timestamp":1478480605000},"page":"1093-1110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":73,"title":["Cardiac remodelling in a baboon model of intrauterine growth restriction mimics accelerated ageing"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"595","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5517-7984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anderson H.","family":"Kuo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio  San Antonio TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science University of Wyoming  Laramie WY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinqi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Imaging Institute University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio  San Antonio TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9734-427X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hillary F.","family":"Huber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science University of Wyoming  Laramie WY USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Peter W.","family":"Nathanielsz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science University of Wyoming  Laramie WY USA"},{"name":"Southwest National Primate Center  San Antonio TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4559-6437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Geoffrey D.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio  San Antonio TX USA"},{"name":"Research Imaging Institute University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio  San Antonio TX USA"},{"name":"Southwest National Primate Center  San Antonio TX USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cphy.c140036"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.201500057"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90710-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.12314"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.113.000531"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1203\/01.PDR.0000065731.00639.02"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2006.121160"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004424-199709000-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3892\/etm.2011.426"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2010.06.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-2999(87)90126-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/hc0402.102975"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1079\/BJN20041392"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpregu.00051.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Coleman\u2010JensenA GregoryC&SinghA(2014).Household Food Security in the United States in 2013. 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