{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,14]],"date-time":"2026-05-14T07:03:06Z","timestamp":1778742186100,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":62,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,17]],"date-time":"2017-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001711","name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001711","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,15]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The cerebellum is the core structure controlling gaze stability. Chronic cerebellar diseases and acute alcohol intoxication affect cerebellar function, inducing, among others, gaze instability as gaze\u2010evoked nystagmus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Gaze\u2010evoked nystagmus is characterized by increased centripetal eye\u2010drift. It is used as an important diagnostic sign for patients with cerebellar degeneration and to assess the \u2018driving while intoxicated\u2019 condition.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We quantified the effect of alcohol on gaze\u2010holding using an approach allowing, for the first time, the comparison of deficits induced by alcohol intoxication and cerebellar degeneration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Our results showed that alcohol intoxication induces a two\u2010fold increase of centripetal eye\u2010drift.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>We establish analysis techniques for using controlled alcohol intake as a model to support the study of cerebellar deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>The observed similarity between the effect of alcohol and the clinical signs observed in cerebellar patients suggests a possible pathomechanism for gaze\u2010holding deficits.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Gaze\u2010evoked nystagmus (GEN) is an ocular\u2010motor finding commonly observed in cerebellar disease, characterized by increased centripetal eye\u2010drift with centrifugal correcting saccades at eccentric gaze. With cerebellar degeneration being a rare and clinically heterogeneous disease, data from patients are limited. We hypothesized that a transient inhibition of cerebellar function by defined amounts of alcohol may provide a suitable model to study gaze\u2010holding deficits in cerebellar disease. We recorded gaze\u2010holding at varying horizontal eye positions in 15 healthy participants before and 30\u00a0min after alcohol intake required to reach 0.6\u2030 blood alcohol content (BAC). Changes in ocular\u2010motor behaviour were quantified measuring eye\u2010drift velocity as a continuous function of gaze eccentricity over a large range (\u00b140\u00a0deg) of horizontal gaze angles and characterized using a two\u2010parameter tangent model. The effect of alcohol on gaze stability was assessed analysing: (1) overall effects on the gaze\u2010holding system, (2) specific effects on each eye and (3) differences between gaze angles in the temporal and nasal hemifields. For all subjects, alcohol consumption induced gaze instability, causing a two\u2010fold increase [2.21 (0.55), median (median absolute deviation); <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002] of eye\u2010drift velocity at all eccentricities. Results were confirmed analysing each eye and hemifield independently. The alcohol\u2010induced transient global deficit in gaze\u2010holding matched the pattern previously described in patients with late\u2010onset cerebellar degeneration. Controlled intake of alcohol seems a suitable disease model to study cerebellar GEN. With alcohol resulting in global cerebellar hypofunction, we hypothesize that patients matching the gaze\u2010holding behaviour observed here suffered from diffuse deficits in the gaze\u2010holding system as well.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp273204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,12,17]],"date-time":"2016-12-17T14:12:33Z","timestamp":1481983953000},"page":"2161-2173","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Gaze\u2010evoked nystagmus induced by alcohol intoxication"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"595","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6166-7461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Romano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer, Electrical and Biomedical Engineering University of Pavia  Pavia Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, University Hospital Zurich University of Zurich  Zurich 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