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It was discovered by Satoshi \u014cmura and William C. Campbell, to whom the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded. It kills parasites by activating glutamate\u2010gated Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> channels, and it also targets several ligand\u2010gated ion channels and receptors, including Cys\u2010loop receptors, P2X<jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub> receptors and fernesoid X receptors. Recently, we found that IVM also activates a novel target, the G\u2010protein\u2010gated inwardly rectifying K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channel, and also identified the structural determinant for the activation. In this review, we aim to provide an update and summary of recent progress in the identification of IVM targets, as well as their modulation mechanisms, through molecular structures, chimeras and site\u2010directed mutagenesis, and molecular docking and modelling studies.\n<jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\"><jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp12686-gra-0001-m.png\"><jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text><\/jats:graphic><\/jats:boxed-text><\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp275236","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,24]],"date-time":"2017-10-24T04:24:57Z","timestamp":1508819097000},"page":"1833-1845","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":106,"title":["Ivermectin and its target molecules: shared and unique modulation mechanisms of ion channels and receptors by 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