{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:15:51Z","timestamp":1790813751957,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,30]],"date-time":"2018-01-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1517270400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001511","name":"Auckland Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1213003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1213003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001511","name":"Auckland Medical Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1108004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1108004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12\/613"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12\/613"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["14\/216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["14\/216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001505","name":"Health Research Council of New Zealand","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17\/601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17\/601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001505","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Fetal heart rate variability is a critical index of fetal wellbeing. Suppression of heart rate variability may provide prognostic information on the risk of hypoxic\u2010ischaemic brain injury after birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>In the present study, we report the evolution of fetal heart rate variability after both mild and severe hypoxia\u2010ischaemia. Both mild and severe hypoxia\u2010ischaemia were associated with an initial, brief suppression of multiple measures of heart rate variability. This was followed by normal or increased levels of heart rate variability during the latent phase of injury.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>Severe hypoxia\u2010ischaemia was subsequently associated with the prolonged suppression of measures of heart rate variability during the secondary phase of injury, which is the period of time when brain injury is no longer treatable.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<jats:list-item><jats:p>These findings suggest that a biphasic pattern of heart rate variability may be an early marker of brain injury when treatment or intervention is probably most effective.<\/jats:p><\/jats:list-item>\n<\/jats:list><\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Hypoxia\u2010ischaemia (HI) is a major contributor to preterm brain injury, although there are currently no reliable biomarkers for identifying infants who are at risk. We tested the hypothesis that fetal heart rate (FHR) and FHR variability (FHRV) would identify evolving brain injury after HI. Fetal sheep at 0.7 of gestation were subjected to either 15 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010) or 25\u00a0min (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a017) of complete umbilical cord occlusion or sham occlusion (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a012). FHR and four measures of FHRV [short\u2010term variation, long\u2010term variation, standard deviation of normal to normal R\u2010R intervals (SDNN), root mean square of successive differences) were assessed until 72\u00a0h after HI. All measures of FHRV were suppressed for the first 3\u20134\u00a0h in the 15\u00a0min group and 1\u20132\u00a0h in the 25\u00a0min group. Measures of FHRV recovered to control levels by 4\u00a0h in the 15\u00a0min group, whereas the 25\u00a0min group showed tachycardia and an increase in short\u2010term variation and SDNN from 4 to 6\u00a0h after occlusion. The measures of FHRV then progressively declined in the 25\u00a0min group and became profoundly suppressed from 18 to 48\u00a0h. A partial recovery of FHRV measures towards control levels was observed in the 25\u00a0min group from 49 to 72\u00a0h. These findings illustrate the complex regulation of FHRV after both mild and severe HI and suggest that the longitudinal analysis of FHR and FHRV after HI may be able to help determine the timing and severity of preterm HI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp275434","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,1,10]],"date-time":"2018-01-10T05:57:05Z","timestamp":1515563825000},"page":"6093-6104","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Evolving changes in fetal heart rate variability and brain injury after hypoxia\u2010ischaemia in preterm fetal sheep"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"596","author":[{"given":"Kyohei","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Fetal Physiology and Neuroscience Group, Department of Physiology The University of Auckland  New Zealand"},{"name":"The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Mie University  Mie 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