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However, postnatal development of this network and its effect on the control of pulmonary ventilation (<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp12884-math-0001.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:tjp12884:tjp12884-math-0001\"\/>) is not fully understood. We investigated the involvement of brainstem CA neurones in respiratory control during postnatal development [postnatal day (P)7\u20138, P14\u201315 and P20\u201321], in male and female rats, through chemical injury with conjugated saporin anti\u2010dopamine \u03b2\u2010hydroxylase (D\u03b2H\u2010SAP). Thus, D\u03b2H\u2010SAP (420\u00a0ng\u00a0\u03bcL<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), saporin (SAP) or phosphate buffered solution (PBS) was injected into the fourth ventricle of neonatal Wistar rats of both sexes.<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp12884-math-0002.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:tjp12884:tjp12884-math-0002\"\/>and oxygen consumption were recorded 1\u00a0week after the injections in unanaesthetized neonatal and juvenile rats during room air and hypercapnia. The resting ventilation was higher in both male and female P7\u20138 lesioned rats by 33%, with a decrease in respiratory variability being observed in males. The hypercapnic ventilatory response (HCVR) was altered in male and female lesioned rats at all postnatal ages. At P7\u20138, the HCVR for males and females was increased by 37% and 30%, respectively. For both sexes at P14\u201315 rats, the increase in<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp12884-math-0003.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:tjp12884:tjp12884-math-0003\"\/>during hypercapnia was 37% higher for lesioned rats. A sex\u2010specific difference in HCRV was observed at P20\u201321, with lesioned males showing a 33% decrease, and lesioned females showing an increase of 33%. We conclude that brainstem CA neurones exert a tonic inhibitory effect on<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp12884-math-0004.png\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:tjp12884:tjp12884-math-0004\"\/>in the early postnatal days of the life of a rat, increase variability in P7\u20138 males and modulate HCRV during the postnatal phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp275731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,26]],"date-time":"2018-02-26T05:58:18Z","timestamp":1519624698000},"page":"3299-3325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Brainstem catecholaminergic neurones and breathing control during postnatal development in male and female rats"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"596","author":[{"given":"Luis Gustavo A.","family":"Patrone","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Sao Paulo State University\u00a0\u2013\u00a0UNESP\/FCAV at Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vivian","family":"Biancardi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Sao Paulo State University\u00a0\u2013\u00a0UNESP\/FCAV at Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danuzia A.","family":"Marques","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Sao Paulo State University\u00a0\u2013\u00a0UNESP\/FCAV at Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K\u00eania C.","family":"B\u00edcego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Sao Paulo State University\u00a0\u2013\u00a0UNESP\/FCAV at Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4097-5286","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciane H.","family":"Gargaglioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Morphology and Physiology Sao Paulo State University\u00a0\u2013\u00a0UNESP\/FCAV at Jaboticabal SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1046-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.1999.00642.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-012-0989-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002210050355"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physbeh.2011.02.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-8993(81)90646-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5687(70)90056-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0306-4522(82)90098-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00424-007-0338-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.1995.75.1.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.23-21-07950.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.22003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/10.959330"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cne.902610406"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000014091"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2008.11.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2009.04.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5687(01)00338-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2011.214445"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"Evidence for the existence of monoamine\u2010containing neurons in the central nervous system. 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