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We hypothesized that the compartmental organization of the brainstem respiratory network is sufficient to generate macroscopic local field potentials (LFPs), and if so, respiratory (r) LFPs could be used to map the functional neuroanatomy of the respiratory network. We developed an approach using silicon multi\u2010electrode arrays to record spontaneous LFPs from hundreds of electrode sites in a volume of brainstem tissue while monitoring the respiratory motor pattern on phrenic and vagal nerves in the perfused brainstem preparation. Our results revealed the expression of rLFPs across the pontomedullary brainstem. rLFPs occurred specifically at the three transitions between respiratory phases: (1) from late expiration (E2) to inspiration (I), (2) from I to post\u2010inspiration (PI), and (3) from PI to E2. Thus, respiratory network activity was maximal at respiratory phase transitions. Spatially, the E2\u2013I, and PI\u2013E2 transitions were anatomically localized to the ventral and dorsal respiratory groups, respectively. In contrast, our data show, for the first time, that the generation of controlled expiration during the post\u2010inspiratory phase engages a distributed neuronal population within ventral, dorsal and pontine network compartments. A group\u2010wise independent component analysis demonstrated that all preparations exhibited rLFPs with a similar temporal structure and thus share a similar functional neuroanatomy. Thus, volumetric mapping of rLFPs could allow for the physiological assessment of global respiratory network organization in health and disease.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp279605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,25]],"date-time":"2020-02-25T22:25:57Z","timestamp":1582669557000},"page":"2061-2079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":52,"title":["Volumetric mapping of the functional neuroanatomy of the respiratory network in the perfused brainstem preparation of rats"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"598","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4684-5215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rishi R.","family":"Dhingra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Florey Institute of Neuroscience &amp; Mental Health University of Melbourne  Melbourne 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