{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:23:06Z","timestamp":1787016186842,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2016\/01607\u20104"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2016\/01607\u20104"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019\/13458\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\/13458\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Cartwheel neurons provide potent inhibition to fusiform neurons in the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN).<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Most cartwheel neurons fire action potentials spontaneously, but the ion channels responsible for this intrinsic activity are unknown.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We investigated the ion channels responsible for the intrinsic firing of cartwheel neurons and the stable resting membrane potential found in a fraction of these neurons (quiet neurons).<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Among the ion channels controlling membrane potential of cartwheel neurons, the presence of open ATP\u2010sensitive potassium channels (K\n                            <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                            ) is responsible for the existence of quiet neurons.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Our results pinpoint K\n                            <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                            channel modulation as a critical factor controlling the firing of cartwheel neurons. Hence, it is a crucial channel influencing the balance of excitation and inhibition in the DCN.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cartwheel neurons from the dorsal cochlear nucleus (DCN) are glycinergic interneurons and the primary source of inhibition on the fusiform neurons, the DCN's principal excitatory neuron. Most cartwheel neurons present spontaneous firing (\n                      <jats:italic>active<\/jats:italic>\n                      neurons), producing a steady inhibitory tone on fusiform neurons. In contrast, a small fraction of these neurons do not fire spontaneously (\n                      <jats:italic>quiet<\/jats:italic>\n                      neurons). Hyperactivity of fusiform neurons is seen in animals with behavioural evidence of tinnitus. Because of its relevance in controlling the excitability of fusiform neurons, we investigated the ion channels responsible for the spontaneous firing of cartwheel neurons in DCN slices from rats. We found that quiet neurons presented an outward conductance not seen in active neurons, which generates a stable resting potential. This current was sensitive to tolbutamide, an ATP\u2010sensitive potassium channel (K\n                      <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                      ) antagonist. After inhibition with tolbutamide, quiet neurons start to fire spontaneously, while the active neurons were not affected. On the other hand, in active neurons, K\n                      <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                      agonist diazoxide activated a conductance similar to quiet neurons\u2019 K\n                      <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                      conductance and stopped spontaneous firing. According to the effect of K\n                      <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                      channels on cartwheel neuron firing, glycinergic neurotransmission in DCN was increased by tolbutamide and decreased by diazoxide. Our results reveal a role of K\n                      <jats:sub>ATP<\/jats:sub>\n                      channels in controlling the spontaneous firing of neurons not involved in fuel homeostasis.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp280233","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,28]],"date-time":"2020-12-28T15:55:31Z","timestamp":1609170931000},"page":"1611-1630","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["ATP\u2010sensitive K\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    channels control the spontaneous firing of a glycinergic interneuron in the auditory brainstem"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"599","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9957-4212","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"Jr","given":"Paulo S.","family":"Strazza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology School of Medicine of Ribeir\u00e3o Preto University of S\u00e3o Paulo  Ribeir\u00e3o Preto SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela V. 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