{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T17:53:42Z","timestamp":1791222822030,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,25]],"date-time":"2020-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600992000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Brachial artery (BA) shear\u2010mediated dilatation is a widely used assessment of vascular function with links to coronary artery health and cardiovascular risk.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Cerebral vascular health is often interrogated using cerebrovascular (middle cerebral artery velocity) reactivity to carbon dioxide.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We show that endothelium\u2010dependent diameter (dilator) responses are not significantly related between the internal carotid artery (ICA) and BA; nor are endothelium\u2010independent responses.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Additionally, ICA endothelium\u2010dependent responses are not related to middle cerebral artery velocity or ICA blood flow reactivity responses to carbon dioxide.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Therefore, assessment of large extracranial cerebral artery vascular health should be quantified via methods specific to the vessel, not via peripheral endothelial function or cerebrovascular reactivity to carbon dioxide.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This study compared internal carotid artery (ICA) and brachial artery (BA) endothelium\u2010dependent and \u2010independent vasodilation. We hypothesized that endothelium\u2010dependent and \u2010independent vasodilation of the ICA and BA would be neither similar in magnitude nor correlated between vessels. In 19 healthy adults (23\u00a0\u00b1\u00a06 years, 24\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03\u00a0kg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      , six female), endothelium\u2010dependent dilatation in the ICA was determined via Duplex ultrasound during transiently elevated shear stress caused by increased partial pressure of end\u2010tidal carbon dioxide using dynamic end\u2010tidal forcing (+9\u00a0mmHg; cerebral flow\u2010mediated dilatation, cFMD). BA endothelium\u2010dependent dilatation was assessed via standard flow\u2010mediated dilatation (FMD). Endothelium\u2010independent dilatation in the ICA and BA was assessed concurrently for 10\u00a0min following administration of 400\u00a0\u00b5g sublingual glyceryl trinitrate (GTN). Endothelium\u2010dependent vasodilation of the ICA (3.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.4%) was lower than (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.013) and not correlated to that of the BA (7.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.3%;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.00,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.93). Including baseline diameter and shear\u2010rate area under the curve as covariates maintained the difference between cFMD and FMD (3.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a04.2%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 7.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.8%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.03), while including baseline diameter and baseline shear rate\u2010adjusted area under the curve as covariates abolished it (5.9\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.7%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . 5.9.8\u00a0\u00b1\u00a03.5%,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.99). GTN\u2010mediated vasodilation of the ICA (14.3\u00a0\u00b1\u00a02.9%) was lower than (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.002) and not correlated to that of the BA (25.5\u00a0\u00b1\u00a08.8%;\n                      <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.12,\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.19). Adjusting for baseline diameter eliminated the differences in GTN\u2010induced vasodilation (ICA: 20.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.8%\n                      <jats:italic>vs<\/jats:italic>\n                      . BA: 20.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a05.5%;\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.93). Differences in endothelium\u2010dependent responses, and the lack of correlations between arteries, indicates that endothelium\u2010dependent function cannot be assumed to be related across cerebral and peripheral vasculatures in young, healthy humans.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp280369","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T03:47:26Z","timestamp":1599796046000},"page":"5333-5350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["Internal carotid and brachial artery shear\u2010dependent vasodilator function in young healthy humans"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"598","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7236-1348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jay M. J. 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