{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T23:55:15Z","timestamp":1776470115508,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]],"date-time":"2021-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632787200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cortical areas have the capacity of large\u2010scale reorganization following sensory deafferentation. However, it remains unclear whether this phenomenon is a unique process that homogeneously affects the entire deprived cortical region or whether it is susceptible to changes depending on neuronal networks across distinct cortical layers. Here, we studied how the local circuitry within each layer of the deafferented cortex forms the basis for neuroplastic changes after immediate thoracic spinal cord injury (SCI) in anaesthetized rats.\n                      <jats:italic>In vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                      electrophysiological recordings from deafferented hindlimb somatosensory cortex showed that SCI induces layer\u2010specific changes mediating evoked and spontaneous activity. In supragranular layer 2\/3, SCI increased gamma oscillations and the ability of these neurons to initiate up\u2010states during spontaneous activity, suggesting an altered corticocortical network and\/or intrinsic properties that may serve to maintain the excitability of the cortical column after deafferentation. On the other hand, SCI enhanced the infragranular layers\u2019 ability to integrate evoked sensory inputs leading to increased and faster neuronal responses. Delayed evoked response onsets were also observed in layer 5\/6, suggesting alterations in thalamocortical connectivity. Altogether, our data indicate that SCI immediately modifies the local circuitry within the deafferented cortex allowing supragranular layers to better integrate spontaneous corticocortical information, thus modifying column excitability, and infragranular layers to better integrate evoked sensory inputs to preserve subcortical outputs. These layer\u2010specific neuronal changes may guide the long\u2010term alterations in neuronal excitability and plasticity associated with the rearrangements of somatosensory networks and the appearance of central sensory pathologies usually associated with spinal cord injury.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Sensory stimulation of forelimb produces cortical evoked responses in the somatosensory hindlimb cortex in a layer\u2010dependent manner.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Spinal cord injury favours the input statistics of corticocortical connections between intact and deafferented cortices.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>After spinal cord injury supragranular layers exhibit better integration of spontaneous corticocortical information while infragranular layers exhibit better integration of evoked sensory stimulation.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Cortical reorganization is a layer\u2010specific phenomenon.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp281901","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,21]],"date-time":"2021-08-21T16:34:18Z","timestamp":1629563658000},"page":"4643-4669","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Cortical layer\u2010specific modulation of neuronal activity after sensory deprivation due to spinal cord injury"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"599","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2057-5672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Zaforas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Group Research Unit Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM  Toledo 45071 Spain"},{"name":"FENNSI Group Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM Research Unit  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0857-3746","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana M.","family":"Rosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Group Research Unit Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3857-2448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Alonso\u2010Calvi\u00f1o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Group Research Unit Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4402-4728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez\u2010L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Group Research Unit Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6133-6446","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Miguel\u2010Quesada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Group Research Unit Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7723-0478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Oliviero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FENNSI Group Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM Research Unit  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8070-3923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Experimental Neurophysiology and Neuronal Circuits Group Research Unit Hospital Nacional de Parapl\u00e9jicos \u2013 SESCAM  Toledo 45071 Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0379-10.2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2015.12.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1609000114"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9568.2000.00107.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature08002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1073858409333074"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2069-15.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhq009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.3887-14.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0002004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00845.2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/089771502753460222"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awm237"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0953-816x.2002.01898.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4424-12.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2007.129833"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2019.113035"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13274"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-36816-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/002367793780745471"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.01206.2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1999.81.5.2243"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2012.12.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.2448"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhr191"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.4.1115"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0184618"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.wnr.0000137077.26010.12"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0069655"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","first-page":"2926","article-title":"Dual cortical plasticity after spinal cord injury","volume":"27","author":"Humanes\u2010Valera D","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cereb Cortex"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00289.2016"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.1995.73.4.1537"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physiologyonline.1998.13.3.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2334-08.2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/acn3.679"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.2474-08.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2013.08.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2018.00056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00998.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0626-06.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7554\/eLife.23532"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhi056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1210574"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0040174"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2008.08.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroscience.2014.06.056"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2020.08.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-017-00652-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_50_1","volume-title":"The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates","author":"Paxinos G","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0712219105"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00126.2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-neuro-061010-113746"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2009.09.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/79848"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.4882-10.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/8.7.575"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00429-007-0147-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.sc.3101116"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(02)00452-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-2236(99)01490-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2013.10.045"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-019-08873-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-17711-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhj023"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn.4562"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/jn.00137.2015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5006-11.2012"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1644-13.2013"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.5782-03.2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2008.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2010.11.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2014.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnana.2018.00033"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0896-6273(00)80091-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132077"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/JP281901","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1113\/JP281901","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/JP281901","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,29]],"date-time":"2023-08-29T14:22:49Z","timestamp":1693318969000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/JP281901"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"references-count":75,"journal-issue":{"issue":"20","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/JP281901"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jp281901","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2020.12.28.424612","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,28]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-11","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-08-19","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-09-28","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}