{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T21:49:35Z","timestamp":1782510575149,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Gastric vagal afferents (GVAs) sense food\u2010related mechanical stimuli and signal to the CNS to initiate meal termination. Pregnancy and diet\u2010induced obesity are independently associated with dampened GVA mechanosensitivity and increased food intake. Whether a high\u2010fat, high\u2010sugar diet (HFHSD) impacts pregnancy\u2010related adaptations in GVA signalling is unknown and was investigated in this study. Three\u2010week\u2010old female Glu Venus\u2010expressing mice, on a C57BL\/6 background, were fed standard laboratory diet (SLD) or HFHSD for 12\u00a0weeks, and then half of each group were mated to generate late pregnant (Day 17.5; P\u2010SLD\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a012, P\u2010HFHSD\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a014) or non\u2010pregnant (NP\u2010SLD\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a012, NP\u2010HFHSD\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a016) groups. Body weight and food intake were monitored in Promethion metabolic cages from before mating until Day 17.5 of pregnancy or equivalent ages in non\u2010pregnant mice, prior to tissue collection at 07.00\u00a0h for\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      single fibre GVA recording and gene expression analysis. Pregnant mice gained more weight than non\u2010pregnant mice but weight gain was unaffected by diet. By mid\u2010pregnancy, light\u2010phase food intake (kJ and g) was higher in pregnant than in non\u2010pregnant mice (each\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) due to larger meals (kJ and g, each\n                      <jats:italic>P\u00a0&lt;\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n                      0.001), irrespective of diet. Pregnancy and HFHSD\u2010feeding reduced tension\u2010sensitive GVA mechanosensitivity (each\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01), but pregnancy did not further downregulate GVA stretch responses within HFHSD mice (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.652). Nodose ganglia growth hormone receptor mRNA abundance was upregulated in pregnancy, possibly contributing to lower GVA mechanosensitivity during pregnancy in SLD mice. Larger light\u2010phase meals in pregnant compared to non\u2010pregnant HFHSD mice may therefore reflect the downregulation of other satiety pathways.\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp16581-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Gastric vagal afferents (GVAs) regulate food intake by sensing the arrival and quantity of food and communicating this information to the brain.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>In standard laboratory diet (SLD) mice, gastric tension\u2010sensitive vagal afferent mechanosensitivity was attenuated in pregnant compared to non\u2010pregnant mice, which is concurrent with increases in total food intake and meal size.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Nodose ganglia growth hormone receptor mRNA abundance was increased in pregnancy, possibly accounting for attenuated GVA mechanosensitivity in pregnant SLD mice.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>In non\u2010pregnant mice, tension\u2010sensitive GVA mechanosensitivity was selectively attenuated in high\u2010fat, high\u2010sugar diet (HFHSD) compared to SLD mice. Despite this, HFHSD mice ate less food and smaller meals compared to the SLD mice, suggesting other satiety mechanisms are limiting food intake.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Despite higher food intake, there was no further reduction in mechanosensitivity in pregnant HFHSD mice compared to non\u2010pregnant HFHSD mice and further studies are required to increase understanding of food intake regulation across pregnancy.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp286115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,2]],"date-time":"2025-03-02T09:03:52Z","timestamp":1740906232000},"page":"1461-1481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Pregnancy and a high\u2010fat, high\u2010sugar diet each attenuate mechanosensitivity of murine gastric vagal afferents, with no additive effects"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"603","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3303-6512","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgia S.","family":"Clarke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biomedicine The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Robinson Research Institute The University of Adelaide  Adelaide South Australia Australia"},{"name":"Nutrition, Diabetes &amp; 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