{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:38:07Z","timestamp":1790642287108,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Cardiorespiratory responses to physical exercise are expected to meet the organism's metabolic demands. As carotid body (CB) glomus cells have been proposed as metabolic sensors, we sought to determine their contribution to peak oxygen uptake () during exercise in rats. Adult male Wistar Kyoto rats underwent bilateral co\u2010injection of two adeno\u2010associated viruses (AAVs) at the CB bifurcation (AVV\u2010TH\u2010Cre\u2010SV40 and AVV\u2010hSyn\u2010DREADD(Gi)\u2010mCherry). Clozapine\u2010\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010oxide (1 mg\/kg,\n                      <jats:sc>i.p.<\/jats:sc>\n                      ) was administered to activate the inhibitory DREADD\u2010Gi receptor and suppress CB chemosensory activity. Three weeks after AVV infection we evaluated ventilatory and CB chemosensory responses to sodium cyanide (NaCN), the hypobaric\u2010hypoxic ventilatory response (HHVR), lactate\u2010dependent ventilatory response, arterial blood pressure, exercise performance and . Chemogenetic inhibition of CB glomus cells reduced resting oxygen consumption and ventilatory responses to lactate. In anaesthetized rats acute chemogenetic inhibition of glomus cells markedly diminished the CB chemosensory and ventilatory responses elicited by NaCN, as well as lactate\u2010dependent hyperventilation after CB resection. Similarly HHVR was markedly reduced in non\u2010anaesthetized animals. Notably chemogenetic inhibition of CB glomus cells significantly reduced  without altering the time required to reach it. These findings support a novel role for CB glomus cells as metabolic sensors that influence  during maximal physical exertion, independent of overall exercise performance.\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp70096-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Carotid body (CB) glomus cells may function as sensors of metabolic activity through the release of lactate from muscle and its accumulation during physical exertion.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>CB type I chemoreceptor cells are necessary and play a crucial role in sensing metabolism at rest and during exertion.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            The CB acts as a metabolic sensor that triggers metabolism during physical exertion, mediating the increment of peak O\n                            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                            uptake during exertion, without affecting exercise performance.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  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Physiology and Medicine Research Center, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences University of Antofagasta  Antofagasta Chile"},{"name":"Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (UHN) Universidad P\u00fablica de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA  Pamplona Navarra Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camilo","family":"Toledo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Cardiorespiratory and Sleep Physiology, Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine Universidad Austral de Chile  Valdivia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4783-9981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Alvarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, School of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences Universidad Andres Bello  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