{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T20:08:04Z","timestamp":1769026084629,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]],"date-time":"2026-01-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768867200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Medications known to cross the blood\u2013brain barrier (psychotropic medications) are commonly prescribed to women during pregnancy, often for the management of mental illness. Although there is little evidence of gross neurological teratogenicity of any medication in current widespread use, a growing body of evidence from animal models, human magnetic resonance imaging and behavioural studies suggests that more subtle adverse effects on early life neurodevelopment may result from\n                    <jats:italic>in utero<\/jats:italic>\n                    psychotropic exposure. Understanding these consequences is of crucial importance as prescribing rates of psychotropic medication during pregnancy have increased rapidly in recent years. We review current studies directly quantifying early life brain correlates of exposure, discuss plausible mechanistic pathways and make suggestions for future research.\n                    <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                      <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp70322-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                        <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                      <\/jats:graphic>\n                    <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp289602","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,21]],"date-time":"2026-01-21T05:17:57Z","timestamp":1768972677000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Psychotropic medication and the fetal brain"],"prefix":"10.1113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5778-9899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oliver","family":"Gale\u2010Grant","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Forensic and Neurodevelopmental Sciences King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3550-1644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomoki","family":"Arichi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental Disorders King's College London  London UK"},{"name":"Paediatric Neurosciences, Evelina London Children's Hospital Guy's and St Thomas\u2019 NHS Foundation Trust  London UK"},{"name":"Early Life Imaging Research Department, School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1517\/14740338.4.2.345"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.psychres.2022.114946"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11414-020-09689-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.12849"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.60.042307.110802"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/metabo13020310"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature09972"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1503\/jpn.140099","article-title":"Genetic and early environmental influences on the serotonin system: Consequences for brain development and risk for psychopathology","volume":"40","author":"Booij L.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2215-0366(21)00292-3"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","article-title":"Treatment for epilepsy in pregnancy: Neurodevelopmental outcomes in the child","volume":"2014","author":"Bromley R.","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2019.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cobeha.2015.11.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/dev.22125"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anae.15424"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41380-024-02723-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/brainsci9090235"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.seizure.2020.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41390-025-03799-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2022.886772","article-title":"The developing human connectome project neonatal data release [Original Research]","volume":"16","author":"Edwards A. 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