{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T15:10:53Z","timestamp":1785510653693,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011866","name":"Colorado Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1 TR000154"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1 TR000154"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011866","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"abstract":"\n Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Ventilatory acclimatization to high altitude is an important adaption to prolonged time at altitude. Changes in breathing variability over a 16\u00a0day acclimatization period to altitude, when awake, were quantified. We tested the hypothesis that the increase in ventilatory loop gain with acclimatization would exacerbate breathing variability at rest and during exercise and that these changes would be correlated with the changes in cerebrovascular CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n , chemoreceptor sensitivity and successful ventilatory acclimatization. Breath\u2010by\u2010breath ventilation, partial pressure of end\u2010tidal O\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n and CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n in 21\u00a0healthy lowlanders were recorded at sea level (SL), at day 1 at high altitude (ALT1) and after 16\u00a0days of acclimatization (ALT16) to 5260\u00a0m at rest and during submaximal and maximal exercise. Power spectrum density (PSD) and the frequency of ventilatory oscillations (\n f<\/jats:italic>\n max<\/jats:sub>\n ) were compared across conditions. At rest, PSD of oscillations were significantly greater at ALT1 and ALT16 compared to SL and\n f<\/jats:italic>\n max<\/jats:sub>\n of oscillations was significantly lower at ALT16 compared to SL and ALT1. During submaximal exercise PSD of these oscillations was also significantly greater at ALT1 and ALT16 compared to SL. Their\n f<\/jats:italic>\n max<\/jats:sub>\n were not different between SL, ALT1 and ALT16. The area under the curve (AUC) of ventilation at SL rest and the AUC of ventilation increase from SL to ALT1 was positively associated with the increase in ventilation from SL to ALT16. These data highlight the intrinsic oscillatory nature of the closed loop ventilatory system during and after altitude acclimatization. The AUC metric at SL and acute altitude may be important for predicting successful ventilatory acclimatization with chronic altitude.\n \n \n image<\/jats:alt-text>\n <\/jats:graphic>\n <\/jats:boxed-text>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n The amplitude of the ventilatory oscillations in acute and chronic hypoxia were greater than at sea level (SL).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The frequency of oscillations was slower after acclimatization.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n These changes may be a result of the increased chemosensitivity and to the closed loop system of the control of ventilation.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n These changes may also contribute to the adaptation of this closed loop to chronic altitude by limiting the decrease in arterial .<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The area under the curve (AUC) of ventilation at SL rest and the change in AUC from SL to day 1 at high altitude (ALT 1) were both positively associated with the greatest increases in VE from SL to ALT 16,\u00a0highlighting the potential importance of this metric in predicting successful ventilatory acclimatization to high altitude.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp289619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T14:50:27Z","timestamp":1765896627000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["AltitudeOmics: Breathing variability at rest and during exercise across 16\u00a0days of acclimatization to hypobaric hypoxia"],"prefix":"10.1113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6791-2002","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Bourdillon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Sciences of the University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4413-5615","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jui\u2010Lin","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Manaaki Manawa\u00a0\u2013\u00a0The Centre for Heart Research University of Auckland, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6992-6851","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan E.","family":"Elliott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA"},{"name":"Research Service, VA Portland Health Care System Portland OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8081-4423","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gr\u00e9goire P.","family":"Millet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Sciences of the University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew W.","family":"Subudhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hybl Sports Medicine and Performance Center Department of Human Physiology and Nutrition University of Colorado Colorado Springs CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9776-7501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bengt","family":"Kayser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sports Sciences of the University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2945-0238","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert C.","family":"Roach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Altitude Research Center Department of Medicine University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus Aurora CO USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7826-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew T.","family":"Lovering","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Oregon Health & Science University Portland OR USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S116","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201701-003FR","article-title":"Periodic breathing during incremental exercise","volume":"14","author":"Agostoni P.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Annals of the American Thoracic Society"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1016\/j.resp.2013.05.020","article-title":"Breathing and sleep at high altitude","volume":"188","author":"Ainslie P. 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