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Mutation in the orthologous gene in humans causes syndromic (Usher 1B) or non\u2010syndromic forms of deafness. In hair cells, MYO7A is expressed throughout the stereocilia, where it has been implicated in tip\u2010link tensioning required for gating the mechanoelectrical transducer (MET) channel and setting its resting open probability (\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      ). The\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        Myo7a\n                        <jats:sup>Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mutation progressively dysregulated the height of shorter stereocilia rows from the end of the first postnatal week onwards, associated with reduced MET current amplitude and hearing loss. Noise exposure exacerbated stereocilia dysfunction in\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        Myo7a\n                        <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice. Following the onset of maturation, hair cells from\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        Myo7a\n                        <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice showed normal resting\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      and calcium sensitivity of the MET channel. In immature\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        Myo7a\n                        <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      hair cells, the resting\n                      <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>\n                      was very small or absent in comparison to control cells, but it was restored by changing the membrane lipid bilayer fluidity or thickness by depleting cholesterol or PIP\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      . Bundle stiffness in immature IHCs was not affected by the absence of functional MYO7A but decreased after their onset of maturation in both genotypes. Expression of a subset of genes was affected similarly in immature\n                      <jats:italic>\n                        Myo7a\n                        <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                      <\/jats:italic>\n                      mice and in adult\n                      <jats:italic>Myo7a<\/jats:italic>\n                      conditional knockout mice, indicating a common response pathway in\n                      <jats:italic>Myo7a<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2010deficient mice. This study reveals that MET channel gating might differ depending on hair cell developmental stage, and MYO7A is likely to influence, albeit indirectly, force transmission via the lipid bilayer to the MET channel and maintenance of the shorter rows of transducing stereocilia.\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp70381-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            <jats:italic>Shaker\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                            mice carry a spontaneous missense mutation in the\n                            <jats:italic>shaker\u20101<\/jats:italic>\n                            gene (\n                            <jats:italic>\n                              Myo7a\n                              <jats:sup>Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                            <\/jats:italic>\n                            ) that interferes with the motor function of MYO7A, a protein expressed in hair\u2010cell stereocilia.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            The absence of functional MYO7A (\n                            <jats:italic>\n                              Myo7a\n                              <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                            <\/jats:italic>\n                            mice) caused a progressive dysregulation in the height of the shortest two rows of stereocilia and the consequent loss of mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) current.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Although immature hair cells from\n                            <jats:italic>\n                              Myo7a\n                              <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                            <\/jats:italic>\n                            mice exhibited a markedly reduced resting open probability of their MET channels, this was restored upon maturation or following depletion of cholesterol or PIP\n                            <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                            from the lipid bilayer.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>\n                            Hair\u2010bundle stiffness was affected in immature inner hair cells from\n                            <jats:italic>\n                              Myo7a\n                              <jats:sup>Sh1\/Sh1<\/jats:sup>\n                            <\/jats:italic>\n                            mice, suggesting that MYO7A is not required for establishing the resting tension of the tip links gating the MET channels.\n                          <\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>We conclude that MYO7A is crucial for the structural integrity of the MET complex and transport of key proteins required to transfer forces efficiently from the lipid bilayer to the MET channel.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                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