{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,13]],"date-time":"2026-09-13T12:24:32Z","timestamp":1789302272582,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a significant pregnancy complication strongly associated with neurodevelopmental deficits in infants. Effective treatments to support brain development are currently lacking. Detailed characterization of structural and functional brain abnormalities caused by FGR can aid the development of targeted therapies. This study aimed to comprehensively characterise brain development at anatomical, cellular and functional levels in a rat model of placental\u2010insufficiency\u2010induced FGR, using the reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) method. Pregnant Sprague\u2013Dawley rats underwent partial occlusion of the lower abdominal aorta and bilateral ovarian arteries at embryonic day 14. Sham\u2010operated dams served as controls. Offspring were weighed until postnatal day (P)66\u201367 and underwent behavioural testing; a subset of animals was assessed by histology and MRI at P20. Offspring born from RUPP dams showed an FGR phenotype characterised by decreased body weight without catch\u2010up growth. RUPP pups exhibited reduced brain weight and volume, cortical thinning and altered cortical organization. Additionally, aberrant myelination, and increased immune reactivity and morphological changes of microglia were observed in RUPP pups. These neurological impairments were accompanied by delayed eye opening, increased number of ultrasonic vocalizations, and motor deficits that persisted into adulthood. This is the first study to demonstrate that RUPP in rats leads to FGR\u2010induced neurological impairments and lasting behavioural abnormalities in the offspring, highlighting the long\u2010term vulnerability of FGR rather than its being an acute perinatal event. This model is valuable for advancing understanding of brain injury in affected infants and for developing novel therapies aimed at improving neurodevelopmental outcomes.\n                      <jats:boxed-text content-type=\"graphic\" position=\"anchor\">\n                        <jats:graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" mimetype=\"image\/png\" position=\"anchor\" specific-use=\"enlarged-web-image\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tjp70448-gra-0001-m.png\">\n                          <jats:alt-text>image<\/jats:alt-text>\n                        <\/jats:graphic>\n                      <\/jats:boxed-text>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Key points<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a common pregnancy complication linked to long\u2010term brain and neurodevelopmental deficits in infants.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The reduced uterine perfusion pressure (RUPP) in rats mimics FGR in the offspring, causing FGR\u2010related brain injury and behavioural abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>RUPP pups show reduced body and brain weight, thinner cerebral cortex, abnormal distribution of key interneurons, aberrant myelination, disrupted oligodendrocyte maturation and signs of neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>RUPP offspring also display neurodevelopmental delays and motor deficits that persist into adulthood, comparable to what is seen in FGR infants.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:list-item>\n                          <jats:p>The RUPP model is valuable for studying how FGR affects the brain and for developing targeted therapeutic approaches to improve long\u2010term outcomes in affected infants.<\/jats:p>\n                        <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <\/jats:list>\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp290257","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T15:31:47Z","timestamp":1773156707000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Characterization of postnatal brain injury and behavioural deficits in a rat model of placental insufficiency\u2010induced fetal growth restriction"],"prefix":"10.1113","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6917-0716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judit","family":"Alhama\u2010Riba","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease (DDOD), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1265-7897","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caroline G. M.","family":"de Theije","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease (DDOD), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4025-5944","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valentina","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease (DDOD), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6687-9014","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominique","family":"Viveen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease (DDOD), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1939-5232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sebastiaan W. T.","family":"Corstjens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease (DDOD), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7991-1514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marijke. E. J.","family":"Achterberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Population Health Sciences, Behavioral Neuroscience group, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Utrecht  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2830-5482","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yohan","family":"van de Looij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Child Development and Growth, Department of Pediatrics University of Geneva  Geneva Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2178-5965","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Freek E.","family":"Hoebeek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Developmental Origins of Disease (DDOD), Brain Center UMC Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital Utrecht University  Utrecht The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1223-1861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cora H. 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