{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:23:13Z","timestamp":1787016193999,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006390","name":"Universit\u00e9 de Lausanne","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Institutional funding"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Institutional funding"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006390","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"\n Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Sprint interval exercise (SIE) induces skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations that are comparable to, or greater than, those observed with moderate\u2010intensity continuous exercise (MICE), despite requiring a lower training volume. Previous work has shown that these adaptations are at least partly mediated by enhanced mitochondrial bioenergetics, including increased mitochondrial Ca\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n uptake and resulting pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activation. In parallel, the natural compound oleuropein from olive leaf extract (OLE) promotes mitochondrial Ca\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n uptake and activates PDH in mouse skeletal muscle. Here, we tested the hypothesis that OLE intake would activate PDH and potentiate mitochondrial adaptations in human skeletal muscle during either MICE or SIE. In a crossover, double\u2010blind study, healthy males performed MICE (1\u00a0h at 50% maximal aerobic power,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a011) or SIE (6\u00a0\u00d7\u00a030\u00a0s all\u2010out sprints with 4\u00a0min recovery,\n n<\/jats:italic>\n \u00a0=\u00a010). Knee extensor neuromuscular tests and vastus lateralis muscle biopsies were performed before, immediately after and 24\u00a0h after SIE or MICE. OLE improved the decline of power output during the first sprint in SIE and reduced heart rate during MICE but did not affect knee extensor fatigability after both exercise modalities. Transcriptomic analyses revealed an effect of OLE on the mitochondrial and inflammatory response after MICE and SIE, while OLE increased PDH activity in combination with exercise only following MICE. Together, these results suggest that OLE modulates skeletal muscle response to exercise and pave the way for future investigations aiming to investigate the chronic effect of combining OLE and exercise training.\n \n \n image<\/jats:alt-text>\n <\/jats:graphic>\n <\/jats:boxed-text>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Key points<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Previous studies have shown that oleuropein increases mitochondrial calcium uptake in preclinical models and that mitochondrial calcium uptake contributes to skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations in response to maximal intensity exercise in humans.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Olive leaf extract (OLE) increases the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase, a proxy of mitochondria calcium uptake, when combined with moderate\u2010intensity exercise.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Combining moderate\u2010intensity continuous exercise and sprint interval exercise with OLE enhances the mitochondrial response at a transcriptional level.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n OLE enhances skeletal muscle mitochondrial response to acute exercise, paving the way for investigating its effect in combination with chronic exercise training protocols.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1113\/jp290316","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T11:01:43Z","timestamp":1776164503000},"page":"3802-3824","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Oleuropein\u2010based olive leaf extract enhances muscle mitochondrial bioenergetics response to moderate \u2013 but not maximal \u2013 intensity exercise in humans"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"604","author":[{"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Lanfranchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sport Sciences University of Lausanne Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alba","family":"Moreno\u2010Asso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Institute of Health Sciences Nestl\u00e9 Research Lausanne Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4866-7368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Astrid M. 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