{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T21:30:39Z","timestamp":1771623039334,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1972,2,1]],"date-time":"1972-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":65750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1. The sequence of events involved in degeneration of sympathetic nerve terminals has been studied <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> in the <jats:italic>expansor secundariorum<\/jats:italic> muscle of the chicken.<\/jats:p><jats:p>2. The muscle underwent a degeneration contraction due to abrupt release of noradrenaline stores from the nerves about 18 hr after isolation. The tension reached its peak within 6 hr at about 44% of the maximum tension developed to added noradrenaline.<\/jats:p><jats:p>3. Responses to nerve stimulation were transiently potentiated by 35% on average just before the onset of the degeneration contraction and then failed abruptly.<\/jats:p><jats:p>4. Degeneration release of noradrenaline was Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent. Development of the degeneration contraction was delayed by temporary withdrawal of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> from the medium and was accelerated by a twofold increase in Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration when applied at a critical period close to the onset.<\/jats:p><jats:p>5. Neither continuous nerve stimulation nor alterations in the length of the nerve stump influenced the course of the degeneration contraction <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p>6. When the muscle was left <jats:italic>in situ<\/jats:italic> after denervation, the degeneration contraction occurred between 2 and 3 days later depending on the length of the distal portion of nerve. Cutting the nerve supply 5 cm closer to the muscle <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> hastened the loss of transmission and the onset of the degeneration contraction by 24\u201348 hr.<\/jats:p><jats:p>7. Supersensitivity to noradrenaline occurred soon after the degeneration contraction but the full development of a sevenfold supersensitivity to noradrenaline, equivalent to that produced by cocaine, took up to 48 hr. No further increase in sensitivity to noradrenaline could be detected <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> after chronic denervation <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> for up to 30 days.<\/jats:p><jats:p>8. It is concluded that the degeneration contraction and failure of transmission was precipitated by an abrupt increase in the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> permeability of the axon causing discharge of transmitter from vesicles. This was probably the result of depletion of essential factors normally transported somatofugally in the axon at 1\u20132 mm\/hr. The supersensitivity to noradrenaline that develops subsequently appears to be due to a loss of the uptake mechanism of the nerve terminals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009739","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,19]],"date-time":"2014-12-19T10:34:41Z","timestamp":1418985281000},"page":"71-84","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Degeneration of sympathetic nerves <i>in vitro<\/i> and development of smooth muscle supersensitivity to noradrenaline"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"221","author":[{"given":"L. B.","family":"Geffen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chris C.","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.1972.sp009739","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009739","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,8]],"date-time":"2023-11-08T12:53:14Z","timestamp":1699447994000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009739"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009739"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1972.sp009739","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1972,2]]}}}