{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T12:30:17Z","timestamp":1773664217080,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1974,12,1]],"date-time":"1974-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":155088000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1. In pieces of guinea\u2010pig liver with an intact capsule, the mean resting potential (<jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>) is \u221249\u00b78 mV, close to the value for <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> hepatocytes and significantly higher than a similar preparation of rat liver. <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> is considerably less than the calculated K equilibrium potential of about \u221290 mV.<\/jats:p><jats:p>2. Changes in [K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> in the range of 0\u201310 m\n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc> produce almost no change in <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. At [K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> above 20 m\n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>, a tenfold increase produces only a 33 mV depolarization. The results with changing [K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> are the same in Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> free solutions (isethionate substitution) or when the [K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>[Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> product is kept constant. <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> rapidly returned to normal in liver pieces returned to Ringer after prolonged soaking in high K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> solution.<\/jats:p><jats:p>3. Changes in [Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>, [Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>, [H<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>, [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> or [Mg<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> have little effect on <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. Simultaneous variation of [Na<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> and [Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub> in opposite directions to maximize predicted changes in <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> also has only a minimal effect on <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><jats:p>4. Cyanide (5 m\n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) or ouabain (10<jats:sup>\u22124<\/jats:sup> \n<jats:sc>M<\/jats:sc>) cause depolarization, so there is no reason to believe that pumps sensitive to these poisons are normally lowering resting potential. Part of the normal <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> may be produced by an electrogenic ouabain\u2010sensitive ion pump.<\/jats:p><jats:p>5. The data is interpreted by using a form of the constant field equation developed by Brading &amp; Caldwell (1971). Application of this method yields <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Na<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub> less than 0\u00b704, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>Cl<\/jats:sub>\/<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:sub>K<\/jats:sub> approximately 0\u00b73. Additional terms, <jats:italic>x<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>y<\/jats:italic>, are required to account for the behaviour of <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic>. Their physical basis remains undetermined.<\/jats:p><jats:p>6. Suggestions are presented for further study and for the application of the method of Brading &amp; Caldwell to other non\u2010excitable cells and to excitable cells in low [K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>o<\/jats:sub>, in which <jats:italic>E<\/jats:italic> is poorly understood.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010767","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,19]],"date-time":"2014-12-19T09:51:13Z","timestamp":1418982673000},"page":"577-598","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Transmembrane potentials in guinea\u2010pig hepatocytes"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"243","author":[{"given":"Philip","family":"Heller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"van der Kloot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.1974.sp010767","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010767","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T01:18:42Z","timestamp":1699233522000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010767"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010767"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1974.sp010767","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1974,12]]}}}