{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T16:02:09Z","timestamp":1772899329634,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1993,1,1]],"date-time":"1993-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":725846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1. The guinea\u2010pig trachea was isolated with its extrinsic innervation intact and placed in a water\u2010jacketed dissecting dish containing warmed, oxygenated Krebs solution. The trachea was not separated from the oesophagus. Two adjacent cartilage rings of the rostral portion of the trachea were cut open opposite the trachealis and prepared for isometric tension measurements. 2. Following the addition of atropine and contraction of the trachealis with prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), stimulation of the cervical sympathetic trunks elicited relaxations that were abolished by propranolol or hexamethonium. Stimulation of the vagus nerves caudal to the nodose ganglia also elicited relaxations. These vagally mediated relaxations were unaffected by propranolol but were abolished by hexamethonium or by cutting the recurrent laryngeal nerves. 3. After cutting the vagi caudal to the nodose ganglia, stimulation of the vagi rostral to the nodose ganglia elicited relaxations of the trachealis that were not significantly affected by either propranolol or hexamethonium but were abolished by cutting the superior laryngeal nerves. Stimulation of right vagi which had undergone supranodose vagotomy 14 days prior to experimentation was without effect on the smooth muscle of the guinea\u2010pig trachea while the response to stimulation of the left vagus was unchanged. 4. Acute capsaicin desensitization abolished relaxations of the guinea\u2010pig trachealis elicited by stimulation of the vagal fibres carried by the superior laryngeal nerves. In contrast, capsaicin desensitization only modestly inhibited relaxations elicited by stimulation of the preganglionic parasympathetic fibres carried by the recurrent laryngeal nerves and had no effect on sympathetic nerve\u2010induced relaxations. 5. Removing the oesophagus selectively abolished relaxations elicited by stimulation of both vagal pathways of non\u2010adrenergic relaxant innervation. Non\u2010adrenergic relaxations of the trachealis elicited by electrical field stimulation were unaffected by removing the oesophagus. Oesophagus removal also had no effect on the parasympathetic\u2010cholinergic contractile innervation or the sympathetic relaxant innervation of the trachealis. 6. The results indicate that the guinea\u2010pig trachealis receives non\u2010adrenergic relaxant innervation from both parasympathetic and capsaicin\u2010sensitive vagal pathways. The results also suggest that the neurones mediating non\u2010adrenergic relaxations of the trachea are sensitive to oesophagus removal. The observation that oesophagus removal abolishes parasympathetic relaxations of the trachealis while having no effect on parasympathetic contractions supports the hypothesis that the guinea\u2010pig trachealis receives excitatory and inhibitory innervation from distinct vagal parasympathetic pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019496","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T14:59:45Z","timestamp":1418828385000},"page":"719-739","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["Relaxant innervation of the guinea\u2010pig trachealis: demonstration of capsaicin\u2010sensitive and \u2010insensitive vagal pathways."],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"460","author":[{"given":"B J","family":"Canning","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B J","family":"Undem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.1993.sp019496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019496","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,25]],"date-time":"2023-10-25T15:00:49Z","timestamp":1698246049000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019496"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019496"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1993.sp019496","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,1]]}}}