{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T16:12:17Z","timestamp":1773418337702,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1996,11,1]],"date-time":"1996-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":846806400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>1. Morphine inhibits supraoptic nucleus oxytocin neurones directly and presynaptically via inhibition of afferent noradrenergic endings. 2. We studied whether morphine tolerance\/dependence (induced by intracerebroventricular (I.C.V.) morphine infusion) alters the responsiveness of oxytocin neurones to systemic cholecystokinin (CCK), a stimulus which activates oxytocin neurones via the release of noradrenaline. 3. CCK (20 micrograms kg\u20101, i.v.) increased plasma oxytocin concentrations similarly in urethane\u2010anaesthetized morphine\u2010naive and \u2010dependent rats. In naive rats, I.C.V. (10 micrograms) and i.v. morphine (0.5 mg kg\u20101) reduced CCK\u2010induced oxytocin secretion by 95 +\/\u2010 4 and 49 +\/\u2010 10%, respectively. In dependent rats, i.v. morphine reduced CCK\u2010induced release by only 8 +\/\u2010 9%, indicating tolerance. 4. In urethane\u2010anaesthetized rats, i.v. CCK increased the firing rates of oxytocin neurones similarly in morphine\u2010naive and \u2010dependent rats (by 1.2 +\/\u2010 0.2 and 1.4 +\/\u2010 0.3 spikes s\u20101 maximum, respectively, over 5 min). Naloxone did not alter spontaneous or CCK\u2010induced activity in naive rats but increased activity in dependent rats (by 3.4 +\/\u2010 0.5 spikes s\u20101), indicative of withdrawal excitation; however, the response to CCK remained unchanged after naloxone. 5. Systemic CCK did not trigger withdrawal, nor did it have a greater excitatory effect in dependent rats. Thus, morphine withdrawal excitation of oxytocin neurones does not involve supersensitivity to the noradrenergic input, or hypersensitivity of this input to i.v. CCK. Tolerance apparently occurs both at the cell bodies of oxytocin neurones in the supraoptic nucleus and in their noradrenergic input. However, dependence is apparent only at the cell bodies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021727","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,12,17]],"date-time":"2014-12-17T07:16:28Z","timestamp":1418800588000},"page":"787-794","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Activation of oxytocin neurones by systemic cholecystokinin is unchanged by morphine dependence or withdrawal excitation in the rat."],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"496","author":[{"given":"C H","family":"Brown","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Munro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N P","family":"Murphy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G","family":"Leng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"Russell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1996,11]]},"container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1113%2Fjphysiol.1996.sp021727","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021727","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,26]],"date-time":"2023-10-26T16:02:52Z","timestamp":1698336172000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021727"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1996,11]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1996,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021727"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021727","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0022-3751","1469-7793"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0022-3751","type":"print"},{"value":"1469-7793","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1996,11]]}}}