{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T18:54:44Z","timestamp":1774464884158,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,4,1]],"date-time":"2002-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1017619200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Spontaneous electrical activity and internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) were measured simultaneously using conventional microelectrodes and fura\u20102 fluorescence, respectively, in isolated circular smooth muscle bundles of the guinea\u2010pig gastric antrum. The smooth muscle bundles generated periodic slow potentials with accompanying spike potentials and associated transient increases in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> (Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients). Nifedipine abolished the spike potentials but not the slow potentials, and reduced the amplitude of associated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients. Caffeine, in the absence or presence of ryanodine, reduced resting [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> levels and abolished the slow potentials and associated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients. Depolarization elevated and hyperpolarization reduced resting [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> levels with associated changes in the frequency of slow potentials. The amplitude of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients changed in a bell\u2010shaped manner with the membrane potential change. Slow potentials and associated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients were abolished if [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> levels were reduced by BAPTA\u2010AM or if the internal Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> pump was inhibited by cyclopiazonic acid. 2\u2010Aminoethoxy\u2010diphenylborate (2\u2010APB), a known inhibitor of inositol trisphosphate (IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>)\u2010mediated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release, also blocked slow potentials and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients. Carbonyl cyanide <jats:italic>m<\/jats:italic>\u2010chlorophenyl hydrazone (CCCP), a mitochondrial protonophore, depolarized the membrane, elevated [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> levels and abolished slow potentials and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients. Inhibition of mitochondrial ATP\u2010sensitive K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channels by glybenclamide and 5\u2010hydroxydecanoic acid (5\u2010HAD) abolished slow potentials and Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010transients, without altering the smooth muscle [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. It is concluded that in antrum circular muscles, the frequency of slow potentials is correlated with the level of [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. The slow potential is coupled to release of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> from an internal store, possibly through the activation of IP<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> receptors; this may be initiated by the activation of ATP\u2010sensitive K<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> channels in mitochondria following Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> handling by mitochondria.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2001.013306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,7,27]],"date-time":"2002-07-27T12:45:57Z","timestamp":1027773957000},"page":"249-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":64,"title":["Spontaneous electrical activity and associated changes in calcium concentration in guinea\u2010pig gastric smooth muscle"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"540","author":[{"given":"Hiroyasu","family":"Fukuta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihiko","family":"Kito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hikaru","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"273","article-title":"The pharmacology of caffeine","volume":"31","author":"Arnaud M. 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