{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T13:40:34Z","timestamp":1789911634057,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]],"date-time":"2002-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1028160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In addition to activating more Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release sites via voltage sensors in the t\u2010tubular membranes, it has been proposed that more depolarised voltages enhance activation of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release channels via a voltage\u2010dependent increase in Ca\u2010induced Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release (CICR). To test this, release permeability signals in response to voltage\u2010clamp pulses to two voltages, \u201360 and \u201345 mV, were compared when \u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>] was decreased in two kinds of experiments. (1) Addition of 8 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> of the fast Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> buffer BAPTA to the internal solution decreased release permeability at \u201345 mV by &gt; 2\u2010fold and did not significantly affect Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release at \u201360 mV. Although some of this decrease may have been due to a decrease in voltage activation at \u201345 mV \u2013 as assessed from measurements of intramembranous charge movement \u2013 the results do tend to support a Ca\u2010dependent enhancement with greater depolarisations. (2) Decreasing SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum) Ca content ([Ca<jats:sub>SR<\/jats:sub>]) should decrease the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> flux through an open channel and thereby \u0394[Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]. Decreasing [Ca<jats:sub>SR<\/jats:sub>] from &gt; 1000 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> (the physiological range) to &lt; 200 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> decreased release permeability at \u201345 mV relative to that at \u201360 mV by &gt; 6\u2010fold, an effect shown to be reversible and not attributable to a decrease in voltage activation at \u201345 mV. These results indicate a Ca\u2010dependent triggering of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release at more depolarised voltages in addition to that expected by voltage control alone. The enhanced release probably involves CICR and appears to involve another positive feedback mechanism in which Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> release speeds up the activation of voltage sensors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.017095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,10,1]],"date-time":"2002-10-01T19:28:19Z","timestamp":1033500499000},"page":"867-886","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Extra activation component of calcium release in frog muscle fibres"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"542","author":[{"given":"Paul C.","family":"Pape","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"F\u00e9nelon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicole","family":"Carrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2002,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/267800a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014959"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.107.6.2587"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.96.2.225"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-7858-1_11"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)77000-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(92)81599-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1982.sp014118"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1983.sp014640"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.96.2.257"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.98.3.429"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(91)82120-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.106.2.337"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.106.4.659"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.102.2.333"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)77328-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.94.20.11061"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.89.1.41"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-70744-5_8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","first-page":"347A","article-title":"pH in cut frog muscle fibers","volume":"57","author":"Pape P. 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