{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,14]],"date-time":"2026-03-14T03:37:34Z","timestamp":1773459454628,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,1]],"date-time":"2003-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1041379200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The carotid body plays a crucial role in cardiorespiratory regulation. In the present study we investigated the effect of osmotic changes on cytoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>) and pH (pH<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) of isolated chemoreceptor cells of the rat carotid body. In CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\u2010buffered medium, reduction of osmolality from the control level of 300 mosmol kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> to 250\u2013285 mosmol kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> resulted in a rise in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>c<\/jats:sub>, as measured with Indo\u20101, whereas elevation of osmolality to 350 mosmol kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> had no effect. The Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> response required extracellular Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> and was reduced by application of the L\u2010type Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channel antagonist nifedipine (10 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). The hyposmosis\u2010induced Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> response could be prevented by application of niflumic acid (300 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>), an inhibitor of the swelling\u2010activated Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> channel. In whole\u2010cell patch\u2010clamp experiments niflumic acid abolished the swelling\u2010activated Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> current but only slightly depressed the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> current. The inhibition of Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> current by niflumic acid does not account for its action in preventing of hyposmosis\u2010induced Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> response, which seems to be initiated by Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\u2010mediated depolarisation. Withdrawal of CO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\/HCO<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub><jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> also prevented the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> response. Reduction of the osmotic concentration by 50 mosmol kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> induced a small but sustained decrease in pH<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>, while elevation by 50 mosmol kg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> had an inverse effect, as measured fluorimetrically with carboxy SNARF\u20101. Our conclusion is that in the rat chemoreceptor cell the activation of Cl<jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup> channels, e.g. by hyposmotic challenge, induces depolarisation, which, in turn, activates voltage\u2010gated Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> channels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.024125","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,1,15]],"date-time":"2003-01-15T01:22:42Z","timestamp":1042593762000},"page":"471-481","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effects of osmotic changes on the chemoreceptor cell of rat carotid body"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"546","author":[{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Moln\u00e1r","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"G\u00e1bor 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