{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T20:20:37Z","timestamp":1790281237288,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,1]],"date-time":"2003-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1044057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>To investigate how Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> regulates airway ciliary activity, changes in ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>) of rabbit tracheal ciliated cells, in response to ATP, were simultaneously quantified with high\u2010speed phase\u2010contrast and fast fluorescence imaging. [ATP]\u2a7d 1 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> induced an increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and CBF that declined to the initial basal levels and was followed by irregular brief increases in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and CBF. [ATP] &gt; 1 but &lt; 16 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> induced a similar increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> and CBF but this was followed by oscillations in CBF and [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. The minimum CBF of the oscillations in CBF remained elevated above the basal rate while the minimum concentration of the [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> oscillations returned to the basal level. The minimum and maximum CBF of the oscillations in CBF were independent of the [ATP], whereas the frequency of the oscillations in CBF was dependent on the [ATP]. Similar oscillations in CBF and [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> were induced by ATP\u2010 \u03b3 \u2010S. Although ADP, AMP and adenosine induced a Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010independent increase in CBF, neither ATP nor ATP\u2010 \u03b3 \u2010S induced an increase in CBF when the Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> increases were abolished by 20 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> BAPTA AM, a result suggesting that ATP hydrolysis was minimal. [ATP]\u226516 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> induced a sustained elevation in CBF and only a temporary, non\u2010oscillating increase in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub>. A similar response was induced by thapsigargin (2 \u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>). Flash photolysis of caged Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> (NP\u2010EGTA) produced both transient and prolonged increases in [Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>]<jats:sub>i<\/jats:sub> which were accompanied by transient and sustained increases in CBF, respectively. From these results, we propose that CBF can be increased by a direct Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup> \u2010dependent mechanism that generates the rapid increases in CBF associated with the oscillations or by an indirect Ca<jats:sup>2+<\/jats:sup>\u2010dependent mechanism that is responsible for the sustained minimum increase in CBF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2002.028704","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,2,3]],"date-time":"2003-02-03T20:47:40Z","timestamp":1044305260000},"page":"733-749","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Oscillations in ciliary beat frequency and intracellular calcium concentration in rabbit tracheal epithelial cells induced by ATP"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"546","author":[{"given":"Luo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael J.","family":"Sanderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2003,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/361315a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/386759a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1411526"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/scdb.2000.0211"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.55.4.314"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1991.sp018659"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1183\/09031936.93.04070789","article-title":"Effect of cyclic AMP on ciliary activity of human respiratory epithelium","volume":"4","author":"Benedetto G","year":"1991","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-679X(08)60792-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF03401831"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1165\/ajrcmb.26.2.4650"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1054\/ceca.1999.0060"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1999.277.1.L30"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7793.1997.503bb.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","first-page":"L1021","article-title":"Role of CNP in human airways: cGMP\u2010mediated stimulation of ciliary beat frequency","volume":"268","author":"Geary CA","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cm.970120102"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1085\/jgp.114.4.525"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.150.6.1349"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1993.1187"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1999.276.6.L891"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(94)80492-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.1996.sp021749"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-3495(99)76919-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","first-page":"L232","article-title":"Control of the beat cycle of respiratory tract cilia by Ca2+ and cAMP","volume":"263","author":"Lansley AB","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M003255200"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4160(97)90034-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"407","article-title":"Intercellular calcium signalling and flash photolysis of caged compounds. 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