{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T00:37:36Z","timestamp":1790642256938,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,3,30]],"date-time":"2004-03-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1080604800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Physiology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The most physiologically important sensors for systemic glucoregulation are located in extra\u2010cranial sites. Recent evidence suggests that the carotid body may be one such site. We assessed rat carotid body afferent neural output in response to lowered glucose, indirectly by measurement of ventilation, and directly by recording single or few\u2010fibre chemoafferent discharge,<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>. Insulin (0.4Ukg<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>min<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>)\u2010induced hypoglycaemia (blood glucose reduced by<jats:italic>ca<\/jats:italic>50% to 3.4 \u00b1 0.1mmoll<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) significantly increased spontaneous ventilation<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_169_mu1.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>in sham\u2010operated animals but not in bilateral carotid sinus nerve sectioned (CSNX) animals. In both groups, metabolic rate (measured as<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_169_mu2.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>) was almost doubled during hypoglycaemia. The ventilatory equivalent<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_169_mu3.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>was unchanged in the sham group leading to a maintained control level of<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-1.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP169:tex2gif-sub-1\"\/><\/jats:styled-content>, but<jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/TJP_169_mu4.gif\" xlink:title=\"inline image\"\/>was significantly reduced in the CSNX group, giving rise to an elevation of 6.0 \u00b1 1.3mmHg in<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-3.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP169:tex2gif-sub-3\"\/><\/jats:styled-content>. When pulmonary ventilation in sham animals was controlled and maintained, phrenic neural activity increased during hypoglycaemia and was associated with a significant increase in<jats:styled-content><jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic><jats:inline-graphic xmlns:xlink=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1999\/xlink\" xlink:href=\"graphic\/tex2gif-sub-5.gif\" xlink:title=\"urn:x-wiley:00223751:media:TJP169:tex2gif-sub-5\"\/><\/jats:styled-content>of 5.1 \u00b1 0.5mmHg. Baseline chemoreceptor discharge frequency, recorded<jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, was not affected, and did not increase when the superfusate [glucose] was lowered from 10 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>to 2 m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>by substitution with sucrose: 0.40 \u00b1 0.20 Hz to 0.27 \u00b1 0.15Hz, respectively (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&gt; 0.20). We suggest therefore that any potential role of the carotid bodies in glucose homeostasis<jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>is mediated through its transduction of some other metabolically derived blood\u2010borne factor rather than glucose<jats:italic>per se<\/jats:italic>and that this may also provide the link between exercise, metabolic rate and ventilation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2003.058321","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,27]],"date-time":"2004-01-27T01:24:35Z","timestamp":1075166675000},"page":"255-266","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":80,"title":["Indirect sensing of insulin\u2010induced hypoglycaemia by the carotid body in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1113","volume":"556","author":[{"given":"I.","family":"Bin\u2010Jaliah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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